Given a non-negative integer num represented as a string, remove k digits from the number so that the new number is the smallest possible.
Note:
The length of num is less than 10002 and will be ≥ k.
The given num does not contain any leading zero.
Example 1:
Input: num = “1432219”, k = 3
Output: “1219”
Explanation: Remove the three digits 4, 3, and 2 to form the new number 1219 which is the smallest.
Example 2:
Input: num = “10200”, k = 1
Output: “200”
Explanation: Remove the leading 1 and the number is 200. Note that the output must not contain leading zeroes.
Example 3:
Input: num = “10”, k = 2
Output: “0”
Explanation: Remove all the digits from the number and it is left with nothing which is 0.
题意很简单,就是去掉k个bit,然后求剩下的值的所有可能中的最小值,第一个想到的方法就是和上一道题的DFS深度优先遍历的做法,但是会超时,我隐隐约约感觉到可能使用stack等来解决,但是不会做,于是网上找了个做法,
这道题和leetcode 321. Create Maximum Number 根据两个整数创造一个有k位的最大的数 + 贪心算法
如思路有点类似,果n是num的长度,我们要去除k个,那么需要剩下n-k个,我们开始遍历给定数字num的每一位,对于当前遍历到的数字c,进行如下while循环,如果res不为空,且k大于0,且res的最后一位大于c,那么我们应该将res的最后一位移去,且k自减1。当跳出while循环后,我们将c加入res中,最后我们将res的大小重设为n-k。根据题目中的描述,可能会出现”0200”这样不符合要求的情况,所以我们用一个while循环来去掉前面的所有0,然后返回时判断是否为空,为空则返回“0”
建议和leetcode 738. Monotone Increasing Digits 最大单调递增数字 一起学习
代码如下:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;
class Solution
{
public:
string removeKdigits(string num, int k)
{
if (k >= num.size())
return "0";
string res = "";
int count = k;
for (char c : num)
{
while (count > 0 && res.size() > 0 && res.back() > c)
{
res.pop_back();
count--;
}
res.push_back(c);
}
res = res.substr(0,num.length()-k);
while (res.empty()== false && res[0] == '0')
res.erase(res.begin());
return res.length()<=0 ? "0" : res;
}
//和上一道题一样,就是一个DFS做法,但是会超时
vector<int> all;
string removeKdigitsByDFS(string num, int k)
{
if (k >= num.length())
return "0";
vector<int> bit(num.length(), 0);
vector<int> flag(num.length(), 0);
for (int i = 0; i < bit.size(); i++)
bit[i] = (int)(num[i] - '0');
getAll(0,k, flag, bit);
int minRes = numeric_limits<int>::max();
for (int one : all)
minRes = min(minRes, one);
return to_string(minRes);
}
void getAll(int begin,int k,vector<int>& flag,vector<int>& bit)
{
if (k == 0)
{
int a = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < bit.size(); i++)
{
if (flag[i] == 0)
a = a * 10 + bit[i];
}
all.push_back(a);
}
else if (begin >= flag.size())
return;
else
{
getAll(begin + 1, k, flag, bit);
flag[begin] = 1;
getAll(begin + 1, k - 1, flag, bit);
flag[begin] = 0;
}
}
};