Valid Parentheses
Given a string containing just the characters ‘(‘, ‘)’, ‘{‘, ‘}’, ‘[‘ and ‘]’, determine if the input string is valid.
The brackets must close in the correct order, “()” and “()[]{}” are all valid but “(]” and “([)]” are not.
栈法
复杂度
时间 O(N) 空间 O(N)
思路
栈最典型的应用就是验证配对情况,作为有效的括号,有一个右括号就必定有一个左括号在前面,所以我们可以将左括号都push进栈中,遇到右括号的时候再pop来消掉。这里不用担心连续不同种类左括号的问题,因为有效的括号对最终还是会有紧邻的括号对。如栈中是({[,来一个]变成({,再来一个},变成(。
注意
- 栈在peek或者pop操作之前要验证非空,否则会抛出StackEmptyException。
- 代码最后要判断栈的大小,如果循环结束后栈内还有元素,说明也是无效的
代码
public class Solution {
public boolean isValid(String s) {
Map<Character, Character> map = new HashMap<Character, Character>();
map.put('(',')');
map.put('[',']');
map.put('{','}');
Stack<Character> stk = new Stack<Character>();
for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++){
Character c = s.charAt(i);
switch(c){
case '(': case '[': case '{':
stk.push(c);
break;
case ')': case ']': case '}':
if(stk.isEmpty() || c != map.get(stk.pop())){
return false;
}
}
}
return stk.isEmpty();
}
}
2018/2
class Solution:
def isValid(self, s):
"""
:type s: str
:rtype: bool
"""
stack = []
for c in s:
if c == '(' or c == '{' or c == '[':
stack.append(c)
elif not stack:
return False
elif c == ')' and stack.pop() != '(':
return False
elif c == '}' and stack.pop() != '{':
return False
elif c == ']' and stack.pop() != '[':
return False
return not stack