函数

函数

# def test():     #定义一个函数,关键字def
#     print("OK")
#
# test()      #引用函数

# import time
#
#
# def logger(n):
#     time_format = '%Y-%m-%d %X'
#     time_current = time.strftime(time_format)
#
#     with open('日志记录','a') as f:
#         f.write('%s end action%s\n' %(time_current,n))
#
# def action1(n):
#     print('starting action1...')
#     logger(n)
#
# def action2(n):
#     print('starting action2...')
#     logger(n)
#
# def action3(n):
#     print('starting action3...')
#     logger(n)
#
# action1(1)
# action2(2)
# action3(3)

#形参

# def print_info(name,age,sex='man'):     #sex定义默认参数
#     print("name: %s" %name)
#     print("age: %d" %age)
#     print("sex: %s" %sex)
# #必须参数
# # print_info('hao',11)
# #关键字参数
# print_info(name='xiaoxue',age=22)

#不定长参数
# *args ---一个元素,元组
# def add(*args):
#     sum = 0
#     for i in args:
#         sum += i
#     print(sum)
# add(1,2,3,4)

# **kwargs---一个key,一个值,字典
# def f(**kwargs):
#     for i in kwargs:
#         print('%s:%s' %(i,kwargs[i]))
# f(name='hao',age=18)

#关键字参数最左,默认参数随后,没有命名在中间(*args),有命名放最后(**kwargs)
# def f(sex=1,*args,**kwargs):

return返回值
def f(*args):
#     sum = 0
#     for i in args:
#         sum += i
#     # return sum      #返回结果
# a = f(1,3)
# print(a)
#返回结果None
#注意点:1.函数里如果没有return,会默认返回一个None
        #2.如果return多个对象,那么Python会帮我们做成一个对象元组

#作用域
# count = 10
# 
# def outer():
#     # global count    #修改全局变量要global关键字声明count为全局变量
#     # print(count)
#     count = 4
#     # print(count)
#     def inter():
#         nonlocal count  #修改嵌套变量,要nonlocal关键字声明
#         count = 20
#         print(count)
#     inter()
# outer()

高阶函数

def f(n):
    return n**2

def foo(a,b,func):
    result = func(a) + func(b)
    print(result)

foo(1,3,f)
#输出结果:10

1. 函数名可以进行赋值
2. 函数名可以作为函数参数,还可以作为函数的返回值

def t():

    def inner():
        return 8
    return inner
ret = t()
print(ret)
#输出结果:<function t.<locals>.inner at 0x006AAA50>

递归:

# def fat(n):
#     ret = 1
#     for i in range(1,n+1):
#         ret *= i
#     return ret
# print(fat(5))
# #输出结果:120(5*4*3*2*1)

##递归
#1. 调用自身函数
#2. 有一个结束条件
#但凡是递归可以写,循环也能写
#递归效率比较低
# def fat(n):
#     if n ==1:
#         return 1
#     return n * fat(n-1)
# print(fat(5))

#斐波数列
# a = 0
# b = 1
# while b < 100:
#     print(b ,end=' ')
#     a, b = b, a + b
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