第一部分：

1.python标准约定文件名：使用小写字母和下划线，如：simple_message.py和simple_messages.py.

2.修改字符串的大小写：

message = "xiejunbo,heLLO woRLD"
print(message.title())
print(message.upper())
print(message.lower())

3.合并字符串直接+号连接 .

4.换行符号\n   特殊符号可加转义字符\

5.删除空白：

name = "xiejunbo "
print(name.rstrip())

6.在pyhon2中无需将打印内容放在括号内。而python3中的print是一个函数，因此括号必不可少。python2代码有些包含括号，有些不包含。

7.

first_name = "xie"
last_name = "junBO"
print(first_name + " " + last_name)
print(first_name.upper() + " " + last_name.upper())
print(first_name.title() + " " + last_name.title())

8.去空格

first_name = " xie "
print("result:" + first_name)
print("result:" + first_name.lstrip())
print("result:" + first_name.rstrip())
print("result:" + first_name.strip())

9.转为字符串类型

age = 27
message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!"
print(message);

10.注释： 用#号注释

11.使用sort()对数组进行永久排序

12.使用sorted()对数组进行临时排序

13.逆序打印数组reverse()

14.列表长度len(list)

15.

#按顺序生成范围内数字
numbers = range(0,10)
for value in numbers:
    print(value)
#list()将range()的结果直接转为列表
_list = list(numbers)
print(_list)
print(max(numbers))#最大值
print(min(numbers))#最小值
print(sum(numbers))#求和

16.列表解析的写法(实际是for循环缩成一行)

list = [value**2 for value in range(1,9)]
print(list)
#输出结果：[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64]

17.复制列表

users = ['fett','batt','gatt']
vips = users[:]
print(users)
print(vips)
#输出：['fett', 'batt', 'gatt']
       ['fett', 'batt', 'gatt']

18.不可变的列表称为元组，需要存储的一组值在整个程序的生命周期内都不变时可使用元组

dimensions = (100,200)
print(dimensions)
print(dimensions[0])
print(dimensions[1])
#输出：(100, 200)
#      100
#      200

19.代码规范：

每级缩进使用4个空格，尽量控制代码行长80以内，注释行长72以内.

20.将一变量的当前值与特定值进行比较

name = "xiejunbo"
print(name == "xiejunbo")
#output:True

#是否不相等
print(name != "xiejunbo" and name != "zm")

21.检查特定值是否包含在列表

#检查特定值是否不包含在列表中
users = ['fett','batt','gatt','zm']
user = "xiejunbo"
user2 = "zm"
if user not in users:
    print("user not in users")
elif user2 in users:
    print("user2 not in users")
else:
    print("in users")

22.

#布尔值
vip = True
oVip = False
if (vip):
    print(vip)
else:
    print(oVip)

#判断列表是否为空
tops = []
if tops:print(tops)
else:print("list is null")

23.字典操作

#字典，实际上跟java的map一样，存储一系列键值对
#创建字典
alien = {}
alien["first_name"] = "xie"
alien["last_name"] = "junbo"
alien["job"] = "developer"
print(alien)
#output: {'last_name': 'junbo', 'job': 'developer', 'first_name': 'xie'}
#修改字典值
alien["job"] = "programmer"
print(alien)
#output:{'last_name': 'junbo', 'job': 'programmer', 'first_name': 'xie'}
#删除字典
del alien["job"]
print(alien)
#output:{'last_name': 'junbo', 'first_name': 'xie'}
#遍历字典键值对
for key, value in alien.items():
    print("key:" + key)
    print("value:" + value)
#output:key:last_name
#       value:junbo
#       key:first_name
#       value:xie
#遍历字典中所有键, 所有值用values()
for key in alien.keys():
    print(key.title())
#output: Last_Name
#        First_Name
#按顺序遍历字典中所有键,实际先排序再遍历
for key in sorted(alien.keys()):
    print(key.title())

24.用户输入

#input()等待用户输入并输出内容
message = input("Please input someth and I will return it to you:")
print(message)
#int() 获取数值输入
age = input("How old are you?")
age = int(age)
print(age)
#Please input someth and I will return it to you:18
#18
#How old are you?

25.用户输入填充字典

responses = {}
#设置一个标识位，指出调查是否继续
polling_active = True
while polling_active :
    #提示输入被调查者的名字和回答内容
    name = input("What's your name?")
    response = input("Which mountain would you like to climb someday?")
    #将答卷存在字典中
    responses[name] = response
    #看是否还有人要参与调查
    repeat = input("Would like to let another person respond? (yes/no)")
    if repeat == 'no':
        polling_active = False
#调查结束，显示结果
print("\n---poll result---")
for name, response in responses.items():
    print(name + "would like to climb " + response + ".")
#What's your name?xiejunbo
#Which mountain would you like to climb someday?Baiyun mountain
#Would like to let another person respond? (yes/no)yes
#What's your name?zm
#Which mountain would you like to climb someday?Fengyun mountain
#Would like to let another person respond? (yes/no)no
#---poll result---
#xiejunbowould like to climb Baiyun mountain.
#zmwould like to climb Fengyun mountain.

26.函数

#指定形参默认值的函数
def greet_user(name = "zm"):
    """Warnly welcome"""
    print("函数内部打印：热烈欢迎" + name)
    return name

print("外部打印：" + greet_user("xiejunbo"))
print("内部打印：" + greet_user())
#output:
#函数内部打印：热烈欢迎xiejunbo
#外部打印：xiejunbo
#函数内部打印：热烈欢迎zm
#内部打印：zm