最近开始学习整理python在windows自动化测试中的使用，觉得挺有意思的

主要思路，在windows下，主要通过启进程，然后查找进程的句柄，然后再操作这个句柄，包括点击，填写文字，关闭，获取文字等操作

下面以一个简单的校验文件md5值的操作来介绍一个python的应用，当然python中有校验md5的函数，不用非要使用工具来校验，这里只是练习使用python来自动化操作

所用的工具有SpyLite，用于查看窗口ID，句柄等信息

工具下载

http://www.xiazaiba.com/html/358.html 

http://www.xiazaiba.com/html/5861.html

我们要达到的目的是通过md5校验工具将文件的md5值保存到一个log文档中

测试的目录结构

–automd5–

    –needCheck–

    checkmd5.py

    SpyLite24.exe

    Hash.exe

needCheck目录放需要检查md5的文件

#! /usr/bin/env python
#coding=gbk

import time,re,ctypes
import os,sys,subprocess,win32gui,win32con,win32api
import glob,time

#启进程函数
def createProcess(cmd, wait = False):
    if wait:
        proc = tryExcept(subprocess.Popen, cmd, stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.PIPE)
    else:
        proc = tryExcept(subprocess.Popen, cmd)
    if isExcept(proc):
        return
    if not wait:
        return proc.pid
    proc.communicate()


def tryExcept(func, *params, **paramMap):
    try:
        return func(*params, **paramMap)
    except Exception, e:
        return e
def isExcept(e, eType = Exception):
    return isinstance(e, eType)


class BaseWindow:
    @staticmethod
    def parseClickConfig(clkCfg):
        if clkCfg == None:
            return None, None, False, 0
        if type(clkCfg) == bool:
            return None, None, clkCfg, 0
        if type(clkCfg) == int:
            return None, None, False, clkCfg
        if len(clkCfg) == 2:
            if type(clkCfg[0]) == int and type(clkCfg[1]) == int:
                return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], False, 0
            return None, None, clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1]
        if len(clkCfg) == 3:
            if type(clkCfg[2]) == bool:
                return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], clkCfg[2], 0
            return clkCfg[0], clkCfg[1], False, clkCfg[2]
        return clkCfg


#点击窗口
#clkCfg:byDrv|mode|(x,y)|(byDrv,mode)|(x,y,byDrv)|(x,y,mode)|(x,y,byDrv,mode)
def clickWindow(hwnd, clkCfg = None):
    if isRawWindow(hwnd):
        return
    topWindow(hwnd)
    rect = getWindowRect(hwnd)
    if not rect:
        return
    x, y, byDrv, mode = BaseWindow.parseClickConfig(clkCfg)
    if x == None:
        x = (rect[0] + rect[2]) / 2
    elif x < 0:
        x += rect[2]
    else:
        x += rect[0]
    if y == None:
        y = (rect[1] + rect[3]) / 2
    elif y < 0:
        y += rect[3]
    else:
        y += rect[1]
    clickMouse(x, y, byDrv, mode)

#点击鼠标
CLICK_MOUSE = 0
CLICK_MOUSE_DOUBLE = 1
CLICK_MOUSE_RIGHT = 2

def clickMouse(x, y, byDrv = False, mode = CLICK_MOUSE):
    moveMouse(x, y, byDrv)
    downMsg, upMsg = win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP
    if mode == CLICK_MOUSE_RIGHT:
        downMsg, upMsg = win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN, win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP
    win32api.mouse_event(downMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)
    win32api.mouse_event(upMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)
    if mode == CLICK_MOUSE_DOUBLE:
        win32api.mouse_event(downMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)
        win32api.mouse_event(upMsg, 0, 0, 0, 0)

#移动鼠标
def moveMouse(x, y, byDrv = False):
    w, h = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(0), win32api.GetSystemMetrics(1)
    x, y = int(float(x) / w * 65535), int(float(y) / h * 65535)
    win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE | win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE, x, y, 0, 0)


#获得窗口尺寸
def getWindowRect(hwnd):
    rect = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindowRect, hwnd)
    if not isExcept(rect):
        return rect

#置顶窗口
def topWindow(hwnd):
    fgHwnd = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
    if fgHwnd == hwnd:
        return True
    rst = tryExcept(win32gui.SetForegroundWindow, hwnd)
    if not isExcept(rst):
        return True
    return getWindowClass(fgHwnd) == 'Progman' and getWindowText(fgHwnd) == 'Program Manager'


##获取窗口文字
def getWindowText(hwnd, buf = ctypes.c_buffer(1024)):
    size = ctypes.sizeof(buf)
    ctypes.memset(buf, 0, size)
    tryExcept(win32gui.SendMessageTimeout, hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXT, size, buf, win32con.SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 10)
    return buf.value.strip()

#获取窗口类名
def getWindowClass(hwnd, buf = ctypes.c_buffer(1024)):
    size = ctypes.sizeof(buf)
    ctypes.memset(buf, 0, size)
    ctypes.windll.user32.GetClassNameA(hwnd, ctypes.addressof(buf), size)
    return buf.value.strip()

#查找第一个窗口
#title:text,class,ctrlid
#parentTitle:None,hwnd,text,class
def findWindow(title, parentTitle = None, isRaw = False):
    hwndList = findWindows(title, parentTitle, isRaw)
    if hwndList:
        return hwndList[0]
def findRawWindows(title, parentTitle = None):
    return findWindows(title, parentTitle, True)

#判断是否为非正常窗口
def isRawWindow(hwnd):
    return not win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd) or not win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) or ctypes.windll.user32.IsHungAppWindow(hwnd)

#查找窗口
#title:text,class,ctrlid
#parentTitle:None,hwnd,text,class
def findWindows(title, parentTitle = None, isRaw = False):
    def __enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList):
        text = re.split('[\r|\n]+', getWindowText(hwnd))[0].strip()
        clazz = getWindowClass(hwnd).strip()
        ctrlId = win32gui.GetDlgCtrlID(hwnd)
        wndList.append((hwnd, text, clazz, ctrlId))
    if not parentTitle:
        parentHwndList = [None]
    elif type(parentTitle) == int:
        parentHwndList = [parentTitle]
    else:
        parentHwndList = findRawWindows(parentTitle)
    hwndSet = set()
    for parentHwnd in parentHwndList:
        wndList = []
        #EnumWindows
        if parentHwnd:
            tryExcept(win32gui.EnumChildWindows, parentHwnd, __enumWindowHandler__, wndList)
        else:
            win32gui.EnumWindows(__enumWindowHandler__, wndList)
        #FindWindowEx
        hwnd, foundHwndList = None, []
        while True:
            hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.FindWindowEx, parentHwnd, hwnd, None, None)
            if not hwnd or isExcept(hwnd) or hwnd in foundHwndList:
                break
            __enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList)
            foundHwndList.append(hwnd)
        #GetWindow
        if parentHwnd:
            hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, parentHwnd, win32con.GW_CHILD)
        else:
            hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, win32gui.GetDesktopWindow(), win32con.GW_CHILD)
        while hwnd and not isExcept(hwnd):
            __enumWindowHandler__(hwnd, wndList)
            hwnd = tryExcept(win32gui.GetWindow, hwnd, win32con.GW_HWNDNEXT)
        #Combine
        for hwnd, text, clazz, ctrlId in set(wndList):
            if type(title) == int:
                if ctrlId == title:
                    hwndSet.add(hwnd)
            elif text == title or re.match('^' + title + '$', text, re.S) or clazz == title or re.match('^' + title + '$', clazz, re.S):
                hwndSet.add(hwnd)
            if parentHwnd:
                hwndSet.update(findRawWindows(title, hwnd))
    if isRaw:
        return list(hwndSet)
    hwndList = []
    for hwnd in hwndSet:
        if not isRawWindow(hwnd):
            hwndList.append(hwnd)
    return hwndList

#设置窗口文字
def setWindowText(hwnd, text):
    rst = tryExcept(win32gui.SendMessageTimeout, hwnd, win32con.WM_SETTEXT, 0, text, win32con.SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 10)
    return not isExcept(rst)

#杀掉指定name的进程
def killProcessByName(pname, user = None):
    killProcessByNames([pname], user)

def listFile(path, isDeep=True):
    _list = []
    if isDeep:
        try:
            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
                for fl in files:
                    _list.append('%s\%s' % (root, fl))
        except:
            pass
    else:
        for fn in glob.glob( path + os.sep + '*' ):
            if not os.path.isdir(fn):
                _list.append('%s' % path + os.sep + fn[fn.rfind('\\')+1:])
    return _list


#杀掉指定name的进程列表
def killProcessByNames(pnameList, user = None):
    cmd = 'taskkill /F /T'
    if user:
        cmd += ' /FI "USERNAME eq %s"' % user
    for pname in pnameList:
        cmd += ' /IM %s' % pname
    createProcess(cmd, True)

#超时设置
def handleTimeout(func, timeout, *params, **paramMap):
    interval = 0.8
    if type(timeout) == tuple:
        timeout, interval = timeout
    while timeout > 0:
        t = time.time()
        rst = func(*params, **paramMap)
        if rst and not isExcept(rst):
            break
        time.sleep(interval)
        timeout -= time.time() - t
    return rst

#写文件
def setFileData(filename, data, mode):
    f = open(filename, mode)
    f.write(data)
    f.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    if os.path.isfile('md5.log'):
        os.system('del md5.log')

    parentHwnd = r'Hash.*?'
    #setWindowText(textblack,'123')
    filedir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'needCheck')
    filelist = listFile(filedir)
    #os.chdir(filedir)

    for file in filelist:
        #启进程
        createProcess('Hash.exe')
        #查找浏览按钮
        browse_button = findWindow(r'浏览.*?',parentHwnd)
        #点击浏览按钮
        clickWindow(browse_button)
        textblack = findWindow(0x47C,'#32770')
        handleTimeout(setWindowText,10,textblack,file)
        open_hwnd = findWindow('打开.*?','#32770')
        #点击打开按钮
        clickWindow(open_hwnd)
        #获取文件md5信息
        #需要内容的行号
        expect_content_id = [0,4]
        content_hwnd = findWindow(0x3EA,r'Hash.*?')
        content_text = handleTimeout(getWindowText,20,content_hwnd)
        content = content_text.split('\r\n')
        md5content = [i.split(': ')[1].strip() for ind, i in enumerate(content) if ind in expect_content_id]
        print md5content
        filename,md5value = md5content
        setFileData('md5.log','文件名:'+filename+'\n'+'md5:'+ md5value+'\n\n','a')
        killProcessByName('Hash.exe')
    os.system('pause')