基于python3.5+的web框架sanic中文入门教程

简介

sanic是一款用python3.5+写的web framework,用法和flask类似,sanic的特点是非常快
github官网:https://github.com/channelcat…

速度比较

框架实现基础每秒请求数平均时间
SanicPython 3.5 + uvloop30,6013.23ms
Wheezygunicorn + meinheld20,2444.94ms
Falcongunicorn + meinheld18,9725.27ms
Bottlegunicorn + meinheld13,5967.36ms
Flaskgunicorn + meinheld4,98820.08ms
KyoukaiPython 3.5 + uvloop3,88927.44ms
AiohttpPython 3.5 + uvloop2,97933.42ms

安装

环境:python3.5+
python -m pip install sanic

Hello World

创建文件main.py,写入下面的内容

from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json

app = Sanic(__name__)

@app.route("/")
async def test(request):
    return json({ "hello": "world" })

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

运行python3 main.py
sanic是不是看起来和flask一样

 Request

属性
request.files (dictionary of File objects) – 上传文件列表
request.json (any) – json数据
request.args (dict) – get数据
request.form (dict) – post表单数据

例子

from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import json

@app.route("/json")
def post_json(request):
    return json({ "received": True, "message": request.json })

@app.route("/form")
def post_json(request):
    return json({ "received": True, "form_data": request.form, "test": request.form.get('test') })

@app.route("/files")
def post_json(request):
    test_file = request.files.get('test')

    file_parameters = {
        'body': test_file.body,
        'name': test_file.name,
        'type': test_file.type,
    }

    return json({ "received": True, "file_names": request.files.keys(), "test_file_parameters": file_parameters })

@app.route("/query_string")
def query_string(request):
    return json({ "parsed": True, "args": request.args, "url": request.url, "query_string": request.query_string })

 路由

和flask差不多,一看就懂

from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import text

@app.route('/tag/<tag>')
async def person_handler(request, tag):
    return text('Tag - {}'.format(tag))

@app.route('/number/<integer_arg:int>')
async def person_handler(request, integer_arg):
    return text('Integer - {}'.format(integer_arg))

@app.route('/number/<number_arg:number>')
async def person_handler(request, number_arg):
    return text('Number - {}'.format(number))

@app.route('/person/<name:[A-z]>')
async def person_handler(request, name):
    return text('Person - {}'.format(name))

@app.route('/folder/<folder_id:[A-z0-9]{0,4}>')
async def folder_handler(request, folder_id):
    return text('Folder - {}'.format(folder_id))

注册中间件

app = Sanic(__name__)

@app.middleware
async def halt_request(request):
    print("I am a spy")

@app.middleware('request')
async def halt_request(request):
    return text('I halted the request')

@app.middleware('response')
async def halt_response(request, response):
    return text('I halted the response')

@app.route('/')
async def handler(request):
    return text('I would like to speak now please')

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

异常处理

抛出异常

from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.exceptions import ServerError

@app.route('/killme')
def i_am_ready_to_die(request):
    raise ServerError("Something bad happened")

处理异常

from sanic import Sanic
from sanic.response import text
from sanic.exceptions import NotFound
@app.exception(NotFound)
def ignore_404s(request, exception):
    return text("Yep, I totally found the page: {}".format(request.url))

蓝图

和flask中的蓝图一样,用于组织项目结构
创建一个蓝图,相当于创建一个sanic app,上面的用法和上面相同,把app改成蓝图名称bp

from sanic.response import json
from sanic import Blueprint

bp = Blueprint('my_blueprint')

@bp.route('/')
async def bp_root():
    return json({'my': 'blueprint'})

蓝图注册到主app

from sanic import Sanic
from my_blueprint import bp

app = Sanic(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(bp)

app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8000, debug=True)

总结

sanic将是一个非常流行的框架.因为它基于python3.5+,使用了许多新的特性,这些特性让程序速度更快.

    原文作者:python
    原文地址: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000007193348
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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