在分区前，我们先来增加一块虚拟磁盘。先关闭正在运行的linux系统。关机命令为：init 0
关机
[root@evan-01 ~]# init 0
增加虚拟磁盘
查看磁盘
[root@evan-01 ~]# fdisk
Usage:
fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table
fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s)
fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks
Options:
-b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096)
-c[=<mode>] compatible mode: 'dos' or 'nondos' (default)
-h print this help text
-u[=<unit>] display units: 'cylinders' or 'sectors' (default)
-v print program version
-C <number> specify the number of cylinders
-H <number> specify the number of heads
-S <number> specify the number of sectors per track
[root@evan-01 ~]#
展示出fdisk的很多选项，可以根据需求，自己使用
fdisk -l 列出分区表
[root@evan-01 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c973a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@evan-01 ~]#
我们已经能看到有了一个磁盘 /dev/sdb：10.7 GB了，这个就是我们刚才添加的磁盘
磁盘分区
[root@evan-01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4ce7226c.
Command (m for help):
输入m查看帮助信息
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help):
| 命令 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| n (new) | 添加一个新分区 |
| p (print) | 打印分区表 |
| w (write) | 添将表写入磁盘并退出 |
| d (delete) | 删除一个分区 |
p 打印分区列表
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help):
因为我们当前还没对磁盘分区，所以看到的是空的
n 添加一个新分区
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
p 主分区:
都用主分区的话，最多可以划分4个。如果想划分多个的话，可以划分3个主分区。另外一个划分为扩展分区。在扩展分区里面再接着划分逻辑分区。
e 扩展分区
创建主分区
创建第一个主分区（+2G）
n创建新分区，p选择主分区，回车（默认分区号1），回车（默认磁盘扇区从2048开始），+2G（设置分区大小为2G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了1个主分区了
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +2G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
创建第二个主分区（+2G）
n创建新分区，p选择主分区，回车（默认分区号2），回车（默认磁盘扇区从4196352开始），+2G（设置分区大小为2G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了2个主分区了
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (4196352-20971519, default 4196352):
Using default value 4196352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-20971519, default 20971519): +2G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
创建第三个主分区（+1G）
n创建新分区，p选择主分区，回车（默认分区号3），回车（默认磁盘扇区从8390656开始），+1G（设置分区大小为1G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了3个主分区了
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):
First sector (8390656-20971519, default 8390656):
Using default value 8390656
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (8390656-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
创建第四个主分区（+1G）
n创建新分区，p选择主分区，回车（默认分区号4），回车（默认磁盘扇区从10487808开始），+1G（设置分区大小为1G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了4个主分区了
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): p
Selected partition 4
First sector (10487808-20971519, default 10487808):
Using default value 10487808
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10487808-20971519, default 20971519): +1G
Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 10487808 12584959 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
接着再创建主分区
翻译：如果要创建四个以上的分区，则必须替换
首先用扩展分区进行主分区
Command (m for help): n
If you want to create more than four partitions, you must replace a
primary partition with an extended partition first.
Command (m for help):
删除一个主分区
d删除分区，回车（默认删除分区号4），p（查看分区）发现已经还剩3个主分区了
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4, default 4):
Partition 4 is deleted
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
创建扩展分区
n创建新分区，e选择扩展分区，回车（默认分区号4），回车（默认磁盘扇区从10487808开始），+4G（设置分区大小为4G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了3个主分区、1个扩展分区
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): e
Selected partition 4
First sector (10487808-20971519, default 10487808):
Using default value 10487808
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10487808-20971519, default 20971519): +4G
Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 4 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 10487808 18876415 4194304 5 Extended
Command (m for help):
创建逻辑分区
n创建新分区，回车（默认分区号5），回车（默认磁盘扇区从10489856开始），+1G（设置分区大小为1G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了3个主分区、1个扩展分区、1个逻辑分区
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (10489856-18876415, default 10489856):
Using default value 10489856
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (10489856-18876415, default 18876415): +1G
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 10487808 18876415 4194304 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 10489856 12587007 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
再接着创建一个逻辑分区（+1G）
n创建新分区，回车（默认分区号6），回车（默认磁盘扇区从12589056开始），+1G（设置分区大小为1G），p（查看分区）发现已经有了3个主分区、1个扩展分区、2个逻辑分区
Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (12589056-18876415, default 12589056):
Using default value 12589056
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (12589056-18876415, default 18876415): +1G
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x4ce7226c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 4196352 8390655 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sdb3 8390656 10487807 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 10487808 18876415 4194304 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 10489856 12587007 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 12589056 14686207 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
