检验电子邮件地址是否真实存在

新项目,有需要提前“判断电子邮件地址是否真实存在”。

首先想到这是一个标准化问题,网上肯定有参考答案了。

大概思路是,发一封邮件给这个账户,或者通过SMTP等协议进行通信。

邮箱几十亿,不可能有简单的API,直接判断是否有效,不然全网等可用邮箱都被你给拿到了。

 

简单做个汇总,备忘。

实践结论:QQ、163等标准化邮箱,可以判断是否存在。部分企业邮箱,如果使用的是腾讯企业邮箱,也可以。

部分企业邮箱,京东等,不太行。

微软Hotmail邮箱,返回超时。

 

在线检测工具,比如 https://verify-email.org/ 感觉不靠谱。

2037088@qq.com is BAD

从了解到放弃。

实际测试的邮箱,已做修改,仅供参考。

 

第1种实践过的,最佳代码:

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.CompareToBuilder;
import org.xbill.DNS.Lookup;
import org.xbill.DNS.MXRecord;
import org.xbill.DNS.Record;
import org.xbill.DNS.TextParseException;
import org.xbill.DNS.Type;


public class MailValidKit {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("100582783@qq.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("fasuion@qq.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为false:"+new MailValidKit().valid("fansnion@qq.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("lewenans@163.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("wen.lei@10cdit.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("ein1@jd.com", "jootmir.org"));
        System.out.println("应该为true:"+new MailValidKit().valid("wngongao@jd.com", "jootmir.org"));
    }
    
    /**
     * 验证邮箱是否存在
     * <br>
     * 由于要读取IO,会造成线程阻塞
     * 
     * @param toMail
     *         要验证的邮箱
     * @param domain
     *         发出验证请求的域名(是当前站点的域名,可以任意指定)
     * @return
     *         邮箱是否可达
     */
    public boolean valid(String toMail, String domain) {
        if(StringUtils.isBlank(toMail) || StringUtils.isBlank(domain)) return false;
        if(!StringUtils.contains(toMail, '@')) return false;
        String host = toMail.substring(toMail.indexOf('@') + 1);
        if(host.equals(domain)) return false;
        Socket socket = new Socket();
        try {
            // 查找mx记录
            Record[] mxRecords = new Lookup(host, Type.MX).run();
            if(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(mxRecords)) return false;
            // 邮件服务器地址
            String mxHost = ((MXRecord)mxRecords[0]).getTarget().toString();
            if(mxRecords.length > 1) { // 优先级排序
                List<Record> arrRecords = new ArrayList<Record>();
                Collections.addAll(arrRecords, mxRecords);
                Collections.sort(arrRecords, new Comparator<Record>() {
                    
                    public int compare(Record o1, Record o2) {
                        return new CompareToBuilder().append(((MXRecord)o1).getPriority(), ((MXRecord)o2).getPriority()).toComparison();
                    }
                    
                });
                mxHost = ((MXRecord)arrRecords.get(0)).getTarget().toString();
            }
            // 开始smtp
            socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(mxHost, 25));
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream())));
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
            // 超时时间(毫秒)
            long timeout = 6000;
            // 睡眠时间片段(50毫秒)
            int sleepSect = 50;
            
            // 连接(服务器是否就绪)
            if(getResponseCode(timeout, sleepSect, bufferedReader) != 220) {
                return false;
            }
            
            // 握手
            bufferedWriter.write("HELO " + domain + "\r\n");
            bufferedWriter.flush();
            if(getResponseCode(timeout, sleepSect, bufferedReader) != 250) {
                return false;
            }
            // 身份
            bufferedWriter.write("MAIL FROM: <check@" + domain + ">\r\n");
            bufferedWriter.flush();
            if(getResponseCode(timeout, sleepSect, bufferedReader) != 250) {
                return false;
            }
            // 验证
            bufferedWriter.write("RCPT TO: <" + toMail + ">\r\n");
            bufferedWriter.flush();
            if(getResponseCode(timeout, sleepSect, bufferedReader) != 250) {
                return false;
            }
            // 断开
            bufferedWriter.write("QUIT\r\n");
            bufferedWriter.flush();
            return true;
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        } catch (TextParseException e) {
        } catch (IOException e) {
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        } finally {
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    private int getResponseCode(long timeout, int sleepSect, BufferedReader bufferedReader) throws InterruptedException, NumberFormatException, IOException {
        int code = 0;
        for(long i = sleepSect; i < timeout; i += sleepSect) {
            Thread.sleep(sleepSect);
            if(bufferedReader.ready()) {
                String outline = bufferedReader.readLine();
                // FIXME 读完……
                while(bufferedReader.ready())
                    /*System.out.println(*/bufferedReader.readLine()/*)*/;
                /*System.out.println(outline);*/
                code = Integer.parseInt(outline.substring(0, 3));
                break;
            }
        }
        return code;
    }
}

代码主要参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/Johness/p/javaemail_usesockettocheckemailaddressvalid.html

 

第2种,还可以,163邮箱无法识别

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTPReply;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.xbill.DNS.Lookup;
import org.xbill.DNS.Record;
import org.xbill.DNS.Type;

/**
*
* 校验邮箱:1、格式是否正确 2、是否真实有效的邮箱地址
* 步骤: 1、从dns缓存服务器上查询邮箱域名对应的SMTP服务器地址 2、尝试建立Socket连接
* 3、尝试发送一条消息给SMTP服务器 4、设置邮件发送者 5、设置邮件接收者 6、检查响应码是否为250(为250则说明这个邮箱地址是真实有效的)
*
* @author Michael Ran
*
*/
// 总体靠谱
public class CheckEmailValidityUtil {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CheckEmailValidityUtil.class);

/**
* @param email
* 待校验的邮箱地址
* @return
*/
public static boolean isEmailValid(String email) {
if (!email.matches("[\\w\\.\\-]+@([\\w\\-]+\\.)+[\\w\\-]+")) {
logger.error("邮箱(" + email + ")校验未通过,格式不对!");
return false;
}
String host = "";
String hostName = email.split("@")[1];
// Record: A generic DNS resource record. The specific record types
// extend this class. A record contains a name, type, class, ttl, and
// rdata.
Record[] result = null;
SMTPClient client = new SMTPClient();
try {
// 查找DNS缓存服务器上为MX类型的缓存域名信息
Lookup lookup = new Lookup(hostName, Type.MX);
lookup.run();
if (lookup.getResult() != Lookup.SUCCESSFUL) {// 查找失败
logger.error("邮箱(" + email + ")校验未通过,未找到对应的MX记录!");
return false;
} else {// 查找成功
result = lookup.getAnswers();
}
// 尝试和SMTP邮箱服务器建立Socket连接
for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
host = result[i].getAdditionalName().toString();
logger.info("SMTPClient try connect to host:" + host);

// 此connect()方法来自SMTPClient的父类:org.apache.commons.net.SocketClient
// 继承关系结构:org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTPClient-->org.apache.commons.net.smtp.SMTP-->org.apache.commons.net.SocketClient
// Opens a Socket connected to a remote host at the current
// default port and
// originating from the current host at a system assigned port.
// Before returning,
// _connectAction_() is called to perform connection
// initialization actions.
// 尝试Socket连接到SMTP服务器
client.connect(host);
// Determine if a reply code is a positive completion
// response(查看响应码是否正常%E

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