导入/导出Excel
1.–从Excel文件中,导入数据到SQL数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:
/*===================================================================*/
–如果接受数据导入的表已经存在
insert
into
表
select
*
from
OPENROWSET
(
‘
MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
‘
,
‘
Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c: est.xls
‘
,sheet1$)
–如果导入数据并生成表
select
*
into
表
from
OPENROWSET
(
‘
MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
‘
,
‘
Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c: est.xls
‘
,sheet1$)
/*===================================================================*/
2.–从SQL数据库中,导出数据到Excel:
–如果从SQL数据库中,导出数据到Excel,如果Excel文件已经存在,而且已经按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就可以简单的用:
insert
into
OPENROWSET
(
‘
MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
‘
,
‘
Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c: est.xls
‘
,sheet1$)
select
*
from
表
–如果Excel文件不存在,也可以用BCP来导成类Excel的文件,注意大小写:
–导出表的情况
EXEC
master..xp_cmdshell
‘
bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out “c: est.xls” /c -/S”服务器名” /U”用户名” -P”密码”
‘
–导出查询的情况
EXEC
master..xp_cmdshell
‘
bcp “SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname” queryout “c: est.xls” /c -/S”服务器名” /U”用户名” -P”密码”
‘
/*–说明:
c:/test.xls 为导入/导出的Excel文件名.
sheet1$ 为Excel文件的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.
–*/
3.–建立存储过程，导出真正的Excel文件（用此方法导出的Excel文件在用于导入时不会报错）
—
下面是导出真正Excel文件的方法:（请将一下所有代码复制到存储过程中）
if
exists
(
select
*
from
dbo.sysobjects
where
id
=
object_id
(N
‘
[dbo].[p_exporttb]
‘
)
and
OBJECTPROPERTY
(id, N
‘
IsProcedure
‘
)
=
1
)
drop
procedure
[
dbo
]
.
[
p_exporttb
]
GO
/*–数据导出EXCEL
导出表中的数据到Excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的Excel文件 ,如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件 ,如果表不存在,将自动创建表 基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型
–邹建 2003.10(引用请保留此信息)–*/
/*–调用示例 p_exporttb @tbname=’地区资料’,@path=’c:’,@fname=’aa.xls’—*/
create
proc
p_exporttb
@tbname
sysname,
—
要导出的表名
@path
nvarchar
(
1000
),
—
文件存放目录
@fname
nvarchar
(
250
)
=
”
—
文件名,默认为表名
as
declare
@err
int
,
@src
nvarchar
(
255
),
@desc
nvarchar
(
255
),
@out
int
declare
@obj
int
,
@constr
nvarchar
(
1000
),
@sql
varchar
(
8000
),
@fdlist
varchar
(
8000
)
—
参数检测
if
isnull
(
@fname
,
”
)
=
”
set
@fname
=
@tbname
+
‘
.xls
‘
—
检查文件是否已经存在
if
right
(
@path
,
1
)
<>
‘
‘
set
@path
=
@path
+
‘
‘
create
table
#tb(a
bit
,b
bit
,c
bit
)
set
@sql
=
@path
+
@fname
insert
into
#tb
exec
master..xp_fileexist
@sql
—
数据库创建语句
set
@sql
=
@path
+
@fname
if
exists
(
select
1
from
#tb
where
a
=
1
)
set
@constr
=
‘
DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN=
””
;READONLY=FALSE
‘
+
‘
;CREATE_DB=”
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
“;DBQ=
‘
+
@sql
else
set
@constr
=
‘
Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=”Excel 8.0;HDR=YES
‘
+
‘
;DATABASE=
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
“
‘
—
连接数据库
exec
@err
=
sp_oacreate
‘
adodb.connection
‘
,
@obj
out
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
exec
@err
=
sp_oamethod
@obj
,
‘
open
‘
,
null
,
@constr
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
/*–如果覆盖已经存在的表,就加上下面的语句–创建之前先删除表/如果存在的话select @sql=’drop table [‘+@tbname+’]’exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,’execute’,@out out,@sql—*/
—
创建表的SQL
select
@sql
=
”
,
@fdlist
=
”
select
@fdlist
=
@fdlist
+
‘
,[
‘
+
a.name
+
‘
]
‘
,
@sql
=
@sql
+
‘
,[
‘
+
a.name
+
‘
]
‘
+
case
when
b.name
like
‘
%char
‘
then
case
when
a.length
>
255
then
‘
memo
‘
else
‘
text(
‘
+
cast
(a.length
as
varchar
)
+
‘
)
‘
end
when
b.name
like
‘
%int
‘
or
b.name
=
‘
bit
‘
then
‘
int
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%datetime
‘
then
‘
datetime
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%money
‘
then
‘
money
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%text
‘
then
‘
memo
‘
else
b.name
end
FROM
syscolumns a
left
join
systypes b
on
a.xtype
=
b.xusertype
where
b.name
not
in
(
‘
image
‘
,
‘
uniqueidentifier
‘
,
‘
sql_variant
‘
,
‘
varbinary
‘
,
‘
binary
‘
,
‘
timestamp
‘
)
and
object_id
(
@tbname
)
=
id
select
@sql
=
‘
create table [
‘
+
@tbname
+
‘
](
‘
+
substring
(
@sql
,
2
,
8000
)
+
‘
)
‘
,
@fdlist
=
substring
(
@fdlist
,
2
,
8000
)
exec
@err
=
sp_oamethod
@obj
,
‘
execute
‘
,
@out
out,
@sql
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
exec
@err
=
sp_oadestroy
@obj
—
导入数据
set
@sql
=
‘
openrowset(
”
MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
”
,
”
Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1 ;DATABASE=
‘
+
@path
+
@fname
+
”’
,[
‘
+
@tbname
+
‘
$])
‘
exec
(
‘
insert into
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
(
‘
+
@fdlist
+
‘
) select
‘
+
@fdlist
+
‘
from
‘
+
@tbname
)
return
lberr:
exec
sp_oageterrorinfo
0
,
@src
out,
@desc
outlbexit:
select
cast
(
@err
as
varbinary
(
4
))
as
错误号 ,
@src
as
错误源,
@desc
as
错误描述
select
@sql
,
@constr
,
@fdlist
go
if
exists
(
select
*
from
dbo.sysobjects
where
id
=
object_id
(N
‘
[dbo].[p_exporttb]
‘
)
and
OBJECTPROPERTY
(id, N
‘
IsProcedure
‘
)
=
1
)
drop
procedure
[
dbo
]
.
[
p_exporttb
]
GO
/*–数据导出EXCEL 导出查询中的数据到Excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的Excel文件 如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件 如果表不存在,将自动创建表 基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型–邹建 2003.10(引用请保留此信息)–*/
/*–调用示例 p_exporttb @sqlstr=’select * from 地区资料’ ,@path=’c:’,@fname=’aa.xls’,@sheetname=’地区资料’—*/
create
proc
p_exporttb
@sqlstr
varchar
(
8000
),
—
查询语句,如果查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent
@path
nvarchar
(
1000
),
—
文件存放目录
@fname
nvarchar
(
250
),
—
文件名
@sheetname
varchar
(
250
)
=
”
—
要创建的工作表名,默认为文件名
as
declare
@err
int
,
@src
nvarchar
(
255
),
@desc
nvarchar
(
255
),
@out
int
declare
@obj
int
,
@constr
nvarchar
(
1000
),
@sql
varchar
(
8000
),
@fdlist
varchar
(
8000
)
—
参数检测
if
isnull
(
@fname
,
”
)
=
”
set
@fname
=
‘
temp.xls
‘
if
isnull
(
@sheetname
,
”
)
=
”
set
@sheetname
=
replace
(
@fname
,
‘
.
‘
,
‘
#
‘
)
—
检查文件是否已经存在
if
right
(
@path
,
1
)
<>
‘
‘
set
@path
=
@path
+
‘
‘
create
table
#tb(a
bit
,b
bit
,c
bit
)
set
@sql
=
@path
+
@fname
insert
into
#tb
exec
master..xp_fileexist
@sql
—
数据库创建语句
set
@sql
=
@path
+
@fname
if
exists
(
select
1
from
#tb
where
a
=
1
)
set
@constr
=
‘
DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN=
””
;READONLY=FALSE
‘
+
‘
;CREATE_DB=”
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
“;DBQ=
‘
+
@sql
else
set
@constr
=
‘
Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=”Excel 8.0;HDR=YES
‘
+
‘
;DATABASE=
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
“
‘
—
连接数据库
exec
@err
=
sp_oacreate
‘
adodb.connection
‘
,
@obj
out
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
exec
@err
=
sp_oamethod
@obj
,
‘
open
‘
,
null
,
@constr
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
—
创建表的SQL
declare
@tbname
sysname
set
@tbname
=
‘
##tmp_
‘
+
convert
(
varchar
(
38
),
newid
())
set
@sql
=
‘
select * into [
‘
+
@tbname
+
‘
] from(
‘
+
@sqlstr
+
‘
) a
‘
exec
(
@sql
)
select
@sql
=
”
,
@fdlist
=
”
select
@fdlist
=
@fdlist
+
‘
,[
‘
+
a.name
+
‘
]
‘
,
@sql
=
@sql
+
‘
,[
‘
+
a.name
+
‘
]
‘
+
case
when
b.name
like
‘
%char
‘
then
case
when
a.length
>
255
then
‘
memo
‘
else
‘
text(
‘
+
cast
(a.length
as
varchar
)
+
‘
)
‘
end
when
b.name
like
‘
%int
‘
or
b.name
=
‘
bit
‘
then
‘
int
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%datetime
‘
then
‘
datetime
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%money
‘
then
‘
money
‘
when
b.name
like
‘
%text
‘
then
‘
memo
‘
else
b.name
end
FROM
tempdb..syscolumns a
left
join
tempdb..systypes b
on
a.xtype
=
b.xusertype
where
b.name
not
in
(
‘
image
‘
,
‘
uniqueidentifier
‘
,
‘
sql_variant
‘
,
‘
varbinary
‘
,
‘
binary
‘
,
‘
timestamp
‘
)
and
a.id
=
(
select
id
from
tempdb..sysobjects
where
name
=
@tbname
)
if
@@rowcount
=
0
return
select
@sql
=
‘
create table [
‘
+
@sheetname
+
‘
](
‘
+
substring
(
@sql
,
2
,
8000
)
+
‘
)
‘
,
@fdlist
=
substring
(
@fdlist
,
2
,
8000
)
exec
@err
=
sp_oamethod
@obj
,
‘
execute
‘
,
@out
out,
@sql
if
@err
<>
0
goto
lberr
exec
@err
=
sp_oadestroy
@obj
—
导入数据
set
@sql
=
‘
openrowset(
”
MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
”
,
”
Excel 8.0;HDR=YES ;DATABASE=
‘
+
@path
+
@fname
+
”’
,[
‘
+
@sheetname
+
‘
$])
‘
exec
(
‘
insert into
‘
+
@sql
+
‘
(
‘
+
@fdlist
+
‘
) select
‘
+
@fdlist
+
‘
from [
‘
+
@tbname
+
‘
]
‘
)
set
@sql
=
‘
drop table [
‘
+
@tbname
+
‘
]
‘
exec
(
@sql
)
return
lberr:
exec
sp_oageterrorinfo
0
,
@src
out,
@desc
outlbexit:
select
cast
(
@err
as
varbinary
(
4
))
as
错误号 ,
@src
as
错误源,
@desc
as
错误描述
select
@sql
,
@constr
,
@fdlist
go
4.–在.net中导出到Excel的简单实例.
(1).添加引用Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object Library (在COM中)
(2).在web.config的上<system.web>里加
<
identity impersonate
=
“
true
“
/>
//
此句为了使用户能在本地打开文档，identify属性规定了身份验证的模式，一般情况下为false，这样安全性较高
(3).在Text.aspx上加Button1控件
(4).在cs页面添加 using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
(5).添加单击事件,在这里处理将数据库中的数据导入excel,代码如下:
//
定义方法GetData(),返回一个数据表
private
System.Data.DataTable GetData()
{ SqlConnection conn= new SqlConnection(@”Server=XJIE;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Uid=sa;Pwd=xjie;“); SqlDataAdapter adapter= new SqlDataAdapter(“select CompanyName 用户名,ContactTitle 联系主题,Address 住宅地址,ContactName 联系人,Phone 电话,City 城市 from Customers order by CustomerID desc“,conn); DataSet ds= new DataSet(); try 
{ adapter.Fill(ds,“Customer“); 
} catch(Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } return ds.Tables[0]; }
private
void
Button1_Click(
object
sender, System.EventArgs e)
{ Application excel= new Application(); int rowIndex=1; int colIndex=0; excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true); DataTable table=GetData(); //将所得到的表的列名,赋值给单元格 foreach(DataColumn col in table.Columns) { colIndex++; excel.Cells[1,colIndex]=col.ColumnName; } //同样方法处理数据 foreach(DataRow row in table.Rows) { rowIndex++; colIndex=0; foreach(DataColumn col in table.Columns) { colIndex++; excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex]=row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); } } //不可见,即后台处理 excel.Visible=true; }
