Hosts是一个没有扩展名的系统文件，可以用记事本等工具打开，其作用就是将一些常用的网址域名与其对应的IP地址建立一个关联“数据库”，当用户在浏览器中输入一个需要登录的网址时，系统会首先自动从Hosts文件中寻找对应的IP地址，一旦找到，系统会立即打开对应网页，如果没有找到，则系统会再将网址提交DNS域名解析服务器进行IP地址的解析。
浏览器访问网站，要首先通过DNS服务器把要访问的网站域名解析成一个唯一的IP地址，之后，浏览器才能对此网站进行定位并且访问其数据。
操作系统规定，在进行DNS请求以前，先检查系自己的Hosts文件中是否有这个域名和IP的映射关系。如果有，则直接访问这个IP地址指定的网络位置，如果没有，再向已知的DNS服务器提出域名解析请求。也就是说Hosts的IP解析优先级比DNS要高。
以上内容均从百度百科复制。
文件路径：C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc。
如何修改hosts文件
hosts文件原内容如下：
# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a ‘#’ symbol.
#
# For example:
#
# 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server
# 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host
# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
# 127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost
在最后新增如下内容：
127.0.0.1 www.163.com
表示域名“www.163.com”指向的ip为127.0.0.1，即本地。修改后文件内容如下：
# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a ‘#’ symbol.
#
# For example:
#
# 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server
# 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host
# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
# 127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost
127.0.0.1 www.163.com
