把开发者模式打开，激活 adb 调试，然后可以使用以下python代码获取安卓手机的耗电量

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import re
import os

def getSelectDevice():
    pip = os.popen('adb devices')
    result = pip.read()
    devices_split = result.split('\n')
    devices = []
    for device in devices_split:
        if device == '':
            continue
        devices.append(device)
       
    if len(devices) < 2:
        print('设备不存在')
        return -1
    
    if len(devices) == 2: # 只有一台设备，直接返回
        return devices[1].split('\t')[0]
    
    print("选择你要操作的设备")
    for index in range(1,len(devices)):
        print("%s:\t%s" % (index,devices[index]))


    print("输入编号：")
    select=int(input())
    selectline = devices[select]
    return selectline.split('\t')[0]
    
def getBatteryInfo(device):
    pip = os.popen('adb -s %s shell dumpsys batterystats' % device)
    result = pip.buffer.read().decode(encoding='utf8')
    return result
    
def parsePowerInfo(info):
    
    start = 0
    
    try:
        start = info.index('Estimated power use')
    except Exception:
        print('耗电量信息不存在')
        return -1
    if start < 0:
        print('耗电量信息不存在')
        return -1
    start = info.index('Capacity',start)
    end = info.index('\n',start)
        
    result = info[start:end]
    
    capacity = re.findall('\d+\.?\d*', result)
    
    return capacity

def parseResetTimeInfo(info):
    
    start = 0
    
    try:
        start = info.index('RESET:TIME:')
    except Exception:
        print('重置时间不存在')
        return -1
    if start < 0:
        print('重置时间不存在')
        return -1
    end = info.index('\n',start)
        
    result = info[start:end]
    
    capacity = re.findall('\d+\.?\d*', result)
    return capacity
    



def main():
    device = getSelectDevice()
    if device == -1: 
        return
    print("正在获取信息...")
    betteryinfo = getBatteryInfo(device)
    if betteryinfo == -1: 
        return
    print("正在解析信息...")
    result = parsePowerInfo(betteryinfo)
    if result == -1: 
        return
    
    print("得出结果：")
    print("\t电池容量：%s mA" % (result[0]))
    print("\t计算耗电：%s mA" % (result[1]))
    print("\t实际耗电：%s mA" % (result[2]))
    
    timeinfo = parseResetTimeInfo(betteryinfo)
    if timeinfo == -1:
        return
    print("重置时间：%s-%s-%s %s:%s:%s" % (timeinfo[0],timeinfo[1],timeinfo[2],timeinfo[3],timeinfo[4],timeinfo[5]))
    pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    pass
        

我这边接入了两个设备的控制台输出：

选择你要操作的设备
1:      192.168.0.103:5555      device
2:      192.168.0.101:5555      device
输入编号：

2
正在获取信息...
正在解析信息...
得出结果：
        电池容量：3300 mA
        计算耗电：282 mA
        实际耗电：396 mA
重置时间：2020-07-20 11:22:37