Kali Linux常用服务配置教程获取IP地址
下面以Kali Linux为例，演示获取IP地址的方法
（1）设置网络接口为自动获取IP地址。在Kali Linux的收藏夹中单击图标，将显示所有的程序，如图1.8所示。
（2）单击“设置”图标，将打开“设置”窗口，如图1.9所示。
（3）选择“网络”选项，单击有线连接中的齿轮按钮，将显示“有线”对话框，如图1.10所示。
（4）勾选“自动连接”复选框。然后，单击IPv4标签，将显示IPv4选项卡，如图1.11所示。
（5）在该界面选择“自动(DHCP)”选项。然后，单击“应用”按钮。接下来，就可以请求获取IP地址了。执行命令如下所示：
root@daxueba:~# dhclient eth0 –d
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.5
Copyright 2004-2016 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Listening on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:25:89:95
Sending on LPF/eth0/00:0c:29:25:89:95
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 4
DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.0.12 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPOFFER of 192.168.0.12 from 192.168.0.10
DHCPACK of 192.168.0.12 from 192.168.0.100
bound to 192.168.0.12 — renewal in 277 seconds.
从输出的信息中，可以看到成功获取到IP地址192.168.0.12。由此可以说明，搭建的DHCP服务测试成功。此时，用户查看地址租约文件dhcpd.leases，也可以看到分配的IP地址。如下所示：
root@daxueba:~# cat /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
# The format of this file is documented in the dhcpd.leases(5) manual page.
# This lease file was written by isc-dhcp-4.3.5
# authoring-byte-order entry is generated, DO NOT DELETE
authoring-byte-order little-endian;
lease 192.168.0.10 {
starts 1 2018/07/02 10:15:00;
ends 1 2018/07/02 10:25:00;
cltt 1 2018/07/02 10:15:00;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
rewind binding state free;
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:5c:ae:aa;
client-hostname “daxueba”;
}
lease 192.168.0.11 {
starts 1 2018/07/02 10:18:17;
ends 1 2018/07/02 10:28:17;
cltt 1 2018/07/02 10:18:17;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
rewind binding state free;
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:99:92:4f;
uid “\001\000\014)\231\222O”;
set vendor-class-identifier = “MSFT 5.0”;
client-hostname “Test”;
}
lease 192.168.0.12 {
starts 1 2018/07/02 10:34:56;
ends 1 2018/07/02 10:44:56;
cltt 1 2018/07/02 10:34:56;
binding state active;
next binding state free;
rewind binding state free;
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:25:89:95;
client-hostname “daxueba”;
}
从输出的信息中，可以看到DHCP服务分配出去的IP地址及对应租约信息。
