首先是对图片进行处理:

//1.缩小图片尺寸
    func scaleToSize(img: UIImage, size: CGSize) -> UIImage {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size)
        img.draw(in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.width, height: size.height))
        let scaledImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
        return scaledImage!
    }

//2.简化色彩 将图片转换成灰度图片
    func getGrayImage(sourceImage: UIImage) -> UIImage {
        let imageRef: CGImage = sourceImage.cgImage!
        let width: Int = imageRef.width
        let height: Int = imageRef.height

        let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray()
        let bitmapInfo = CGBitmapInfo(rawValue: CGImageAlphaInfo.none.rawValue)
        let context: CGContext = CGContext(data: nil, width: width, height: height, bitsPerComponent: 8, bytesPerRow: 0, space: colorSpace, bitmapInfo: bitmapInfo.rawValue)!

        let rect: CGRect = CGRect.init(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)
        context.draw(imageRef, in: rect)

        let outPutImage: CGImage = context.makeImage()!

        let newImage: UIImage = UIImage.init(cgImage: outPutImage)

        return newImage
    }

//3. 计算平均值, 比较像素的灰度
    func pHashValueWithImage(image: UIImage) -> NSString {
        let pHashString = NSMutableString()
        let imageRef = image.cgImage!
        let width = imageRef.width
        let height = imageRef.height
        let pixelData = imageRef.dataProvider!.data
        let data: UnsafePointer<UInt8> = CFDataGetBytePtr(pixelData)
        var sum: Int = 0
        for i in 0..<width * height {
            if data[i] != 0 { sum = sum + Int(data[i]) }
        }
        let avr = sum / (width * height)
        for i in 0..<width * height {
            if Int(data[i]) >= avr { pHashString.append("1") } else { pHashString.append("0") }
        }
        return pHashString
    }

//4.计算哈希值 如果不相同的数据位不超过5，就说明两张图片很相似；如果大于10，就说明这是两张不同的图片。
    func getDifferentValueCountWithString(str1: NSString, str2: NSString) -> NSInteger {
        var diff: NSInteger = 0
        let s1 = str1.utf8String!
        let s2 = str2.utf8String!
        for i in 0..<str1.length {
            if s1[i] != s2[i] {
                diff += 1
            }
        }
        return diff
    }

写个共用方法来比较两个图片是否相同

    /// 比较两个图片是否相同, 这里比较尺寸为20*20
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    /// - imageOne: 图片1
    /// - imageTwo: 图片2
    /// - Returns: 是否相同的布尔值
    func isEqualImage(imageOne: UIImage, imageTwo: UIImage) -> Bool {
        var equalResult = false
        let mImageOne = self.getGrayImage(sourceImage: self.scaleToSize(img: imageOne, size: CGSize(width: 20, height: 20)))
        let mImageTwo = self.getGrayImage(sourceImage: self.scaleToSize(img: imageTwo, size: CGSize(width: 20, height: 20)))
        let diff = self.getDifferentValueCountWithString(str1: self.pHashValueWithImage(image: mImageOne), str2: self.pHashValueWithImage(image: mImageTwo))
        print(diff)
        if diff > 10 {
            equalResult = false
        } else {
            equalResult = true
        }
        return equalResult
    }

通过调用上面的共用方法,传入两个待比较的UIImage对象, 得到返回的Bool, 根据该布尔值进行相应的操作