LeedCode——3Sum Closest(求最接近指定数的三数之和)

Given an array S of n integers, find three integers in S such that the sum is closest to a given number, target. Return the sum of the three integers. You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution.

    For example, given array S = {-1 2 1 -4}, and target = 1.

    The sum that is closest to the target is 2. (-1 + 2 + 1 = 2).

跟三数求和为0题目接近,只是把指定数改变一下。思路还是一样的,为了遍历简单先排序,同样是三个指针,left,mid,right。

《LeedCode——3Sum Closest(求最接近指定数的三数之和)》

设置一个变量closest,为前三数之和。

开始两层循环。

三种情况:

1、nums[left]+nums[mid]+nums[right] == target

直接ruturn target就好

2、nums[left]+nums[mid]+nums[right] < target

说明三数之和还不够大,mid++。

—求绝对值,如果 abs(target – sum) < abs(target – closest) ,说明现在的和更接近target,closest = sum.
3、nums[left]+nums[mid]+nums[right] > target

说明三数之和还不够小,right–。

—求绝对值,如果 abs(target – sum) < abs(target – closest) ,说明现在的和更接近target,closest = sum.

4、遍历完毕,返回closest。

C++

class Solution {
public:
    int threeSumClosest(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
        int length = nums.size();
        int i,j,temp;

        // 冒泡排序
        for (i = 0; i < length - 1; i++) // 10个数,10 - 1轮冒泡,每一轮都将当前最大的数推到最后
        {
            for (j = 0; j < length -1 - i; j++) // 9 - i,意思是每当经过一轮冒泡后,就减少一次比较
                if (nums[j] > nums[j+1])
                {
                    temp = nums[j];
                    nums[j] = nums[j+1];
                    nums[j+1] = temp;
                }
        }

        int closest = nums[0] + nums[1] + nums[2];
        int left,mid,right;

        for(left = 0;left < length;left++){
            mid = left + 1;
            right = length - 1;

            while(mid < right){
                int sum = nums[left] + nums[mid] + nums[right];
                if(sum == target)
                    return target;
                else if(sum < target){
                    mid++;
                    if(abs(target - sum) < abs(target - closest)){
                        closest = sum;
                    }
                } else if (sum > target){
                    right--;
                    if(abs(target - sum) < abs(target - closest)){
                        closest = sum;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return closest;
    }
};

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