斐波那契数的皮萨诺周期

斐波那契数的皮萨诺周期

  • fibonacci数为f0=0, f1=1, fi = f(i-1)+f(i-2)
  • pisano period指的是一个序列对n取模后的周期
  • fibonacci的周期性明显可见
    • 对2取模结果为:0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
    • fibonacci对3取模结果为:0 1 1 2 0 2 2 1 0 1 1 2 0 2 2 1
  • 此性质在用于计算超大fibonacci数时非常有用,以下为数个例子

fibonacci序列之和的最低位

  • 首先计算出模10的pisano period,再根据周期性求解

    int pisano(long long n, long long m, vector<long long>& v){
        long long a = 0;
        long long b  = 1;
    
        v.push_back(0);
        v.push_back(1);
        for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) {
            long long t = b;
            b = a + b;
            a = t;
            b %= m;
    
            v.push_back(b);
    
            if(i & 1 == 1){
                int r = (i >> 1) + 1;
                int j = 0, k = r;
    
                /* for(auto e:v)
                    cout << e << ' ';
                cout << endl; */
    
                for(; k <= i; j++, k++){
                    if(v[j] != v[k])
                        break;
                }
                //cout << k << ' ' << i << endl;
                if(k == i+1)
                    return r;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    
    
    long long fibonacci_sum_best(long long n) {
        if (n <= 1)
            return n;
    
        vector<long long>v;
        int p = pisano(n, 10, v);
        // for(auto e:v)
            // cout << e << ' ';
        // cout << endl;
    
        // cout << "get pisano " << n << " " << p << endl;
    
        if(p == 0)
            return accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0) % 10;
        else{
            int period_sum = accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), 0) % 10;
            int c = n / p;
            int sum = accumulate(v.begin(), v.begin() + (n % p) + 1, 0) + period_sum * c;
            return sum % 10;
        }
    }
    

作者Focustc,来自于
CSDN

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