SQL FULL JOIN(全连接)

2024年4月24日 986次阅读 来源: SQL教程

SQL FULL JOIN结合的左，右外连接的结果。

连接表将包含的所有记录来自两个表，并使用NULL值作为两侧缺失匹配结果

语法

FULL JOIN的基本语法如下：

SELECT table1.column1, table2.column2...
FROM table1
FULL JOIN table2
ON table1.common_field = table2.common_field;

在这里，给定的条件可能是根据您的需要给定任意的表达式。

例子：

考虑下面的两个表中，(a)CUSTOMERS表如下：

+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
| ID | NAME     | AGE | ADDRESS   | SALARY   |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
|  1 | Ramesh   |  32 | Ahmedabad |  2000.00 |
|  2 | Khilan   |  25 | Delhi     |  1500.00 |
|  3 | kaushik  |  23 | Kota      |  2000.00 |
|  4 | Chaitali |  25 | Mumbai    |  6500.00 |
|  5 | Hardik   |  27 | Bhopal    |  8500.00 |
|  6 | Komal    |  22 | MP        |  4500.00 |
|  7 | Muffy    |  24 | Indore    | 10000.00 |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+

(b)另一个ORDERS 表如下：

+-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+
|OID  | DATE                | CUSTOMER_ID | AMOUNT |
+-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+
| 102 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |           3 |   3000 |
| 100 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |           3 |   1500 |
| 101 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |           2 |   1560 |
| 103 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 |           4 |   2060 |
+-----+---------------------+-------------+--------+

现在，让我们使用FULL JOIN在这两个表如下：

SQL> SELECT  ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE
     FROM CUSTOMERS
     FULL JOIN ORDERS
     ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

这将产生以下结果：

+------+----------+--------+---------------------+
| ID   | NAME     | AMOUNT | DATE                |
+------+----------+--------+---------------------+
|    1 | Ramesh   |   NULL | NULL                |
|    2 | Khilan   |   1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
|    3 | kaushik  |   3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
|    3 | kaushik  |   1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
|    4 | Chaitali |   2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 |
|    5 | Hardik   |   NULL | NULL                |
|    6 | Komal    |   NULL | NULL                |
|    7 | Muffy    |   NULL | NULL                |
|    3 | kaushik  |   3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
|    3 | kaushik  |   1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
|    2 | Khilan   |   1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
|    4 | Chaitali |   2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 |
+------+----------+--------+---------------------+

如果你的数据库不支持FULL JOIN，如MySQL不支持FULL JOIN，那么可以使用UNION ALL子句，将两个JOIN为如下：

SQL> SELECT  ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE
     FROM CUSTOMERS
     LEFT JOIN ORDERS
     ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID
UNION ALL
     SELECT  ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE
     FROM CUSTOMERS
     RIGHT JOIN ORDERS
     ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID

以下是纠正/补充内容：

如果你的数据库不支持FULL JOIN，如MySQL不支持FULL JOIN，那么可以使用UNION ALL子句，将两个JOIN为如下：SQL> SELECT ID NAME AMOUNT DATE FROM CUSTOMERS LEFT JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_IDUNION ALL SELECT ID NAME AMOUNT DATE FROM CUSTOMERS RIGHT JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_IDUNION ALL更改为UNION  
提交时间：2019-09-16

        原文作者：SQL教程
        原文地址: https://www.yiibai.com/sql/sql-full-joins.html
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