介绍
Spring Data JPA 是 Spring 基于 ORM 框架、JPA 规范的基础上封装的一套JPA应用框架，可使开发者用极简的代码即可实现对数据的访问和操作。它提供了包括增删改查等在内的常用功能，且易于扩展！学习并使用 Spring Data JPA 可以极大提高开发效率！
spring data jpa让我们解脱了DAO层的操作，基本上所有CRUD都可以依赖于它来实现
基本查询
基本查询也分为两种，一种是spring data默认已经实现，一种是根据查询的方法来自动解析成SQL。
自定义简单查询
自定义的简单查询
就是根据方法名来自动生成SQL，主要的语法是findXXBy,readAXXBy,queryXXBy,countXXBy, getXXBy后面跟属性名称：
基本上SQL体系中的关键词都可以使用，例如：LIKE、 IgnoreCase、 OrderBy。
List<User> findByEmailLike(String email);
User findByUserNameIgnoreCase(String userName);
List<User> findByUserNameOrderByEmailDesc(String email修改、删除、统计也是类似语法
Long deleteById(Long id);
Long countByUserName(String userName)具体的关键字，使用方法和生产成SQL如下表所示
具体的关键字，使用方法和生产成SQL如下表所示
| Keyword | Sample | JPQL snippet |
|---|---|---|
| And | findByLastnameAndFirstname | … where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2 |
| Or | findByLastnameOrFirstname | … where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2 |
| Is,Equals | findByFirstnameIs,findByFirstnameEquals | … where x.firstname = ?1 |
| Between | findByStartDateBetween | … where x.startDate between ?1 and ?2 |
| LessThan | findByAgeLessThan | … where x.age < ?1 |
| LessThanEqual | findByAgeLessThanEqual | … where x.age ⇐ ?1 |
| GreaterThan | findByAgeGreaterThan | … where x.age > ?1 |
| GreaterThanEqual | findByAgeGreaterThanEqual | … where x.age >= ?1 |
| After | findByStartDateAfter | … where x.startDate > ?1 |
| Before | findByStartDateBefore | … where x.startDate < ?1 |
| IsNull | findByAgeIsNull | … where x.age is null |
| IsNotNull,NotNull | findByAge(Is)NotNull | … where x.age not null |
| Like | findByFirstnameLike | … where x.firstname like ?1 |
| NotLike | findByFirstnameNotLike | … where x.firstname not like ?1 |
| StartingWith | findByFirstnameStartingWith | … where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound with appended %) |
| EndingWith | findByFirstnameEndingWith | … where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound with prepended %) |
| Containing | findByFirstnameContaining | … where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound wrapped in %) |
| OrderBy | findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc | … where x.age = ?1 order by x.lastname desc |
| Not | findByLastnameNot | … where x.lastname <> ?1 |
| In | findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)</Age> | … where x.age in ?1 |
| NotIn | findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> age)</Age> | … where x.age not in ?1 |
| TRUE | findByActiveTrue() | … where x.active = true |
| FALSE | findByActiveFalse() | … where x.active = false |
| IgnoreCase | findByFirstnameIgnoreCase | … where UPPER(x.firstame) = UPPER(?1) |
