简介
quicklink是一个js库,可以预加载出现在视口的网页链接,提高用户体验。它的加载过程如下:
1.检测网页中的链接是否出现在视口中,等待链接出现在视口,执行步骤2。
2.等待浏览器空闲后执行3。
3.判断当前的网络连接是否是2G,如果是则停止执行,如果不是2G网络,执行步骤4。
4.预加载链接指向资源。
使用方式
参考链接https://github.com/GoogleChro…
quicklink源码解析
quicklink的入口函数接受传入的配置参数,通过Object.assign函数和默认的配置选项合并。接着执行timeoutFn异步方法,该方法接收一个回调函数,在回调中主要逻辑如下:
如果传入的options参数中有urls属性,则直接执行预加载,否则通过document.querySelectorAll方法获取所有a标签元素的NodeList,然后便利该元素节点列表,并监视该元素节点
observer.observe(link);
然后判断该a元素对象的href属性值所属的域名是否被允许访问,如果被允许访问,继续判断该链接是否应该被忽略,判断逻辑如下:
if (!allowed.length || allowed.includes(link.hostname)) {
// If there are any filters, the link must not match any of them
isIgnored(link, ignores) || toPrefetch.add(link.href);
}
如果链接没有被忽略,则将该节点的href属性值加入到toPrefetch中
const toPrefetch = new Set();
toPrefetch.add(link.href);
总的代码逻辑如下
export default function (options) {
options = Object.assign({
timeout: 2e3,
priority: false,
timeoutFn: requestIdleCallback,
el: document,
}, options);
observer.priority = options.priority;
const allowed = options.origins || [location.hostname];
const ignores = options.ignores || [];
options.timeoutFn(() => {
// If URLs are given, prefetch them.
if (options.urls) {
options.urls.forEach(prefetcher);
} else {
// If not, find all links and use IntersectionObserver.
Array.from(options.el.querySelectorAll('a'), link => {
observer.observe(link);
// If the anchor matches a permitted origin
// ~> A `[]` or `true` means everything is allowed
if (!allowed.length || allowed.includes(link.hostname)) {
// If there are any filters, the link must not match any of them
isIgnored(link, ignores) || toPrefetch.add(link.href);
}
});
}
}, {timeout: options.timeout});
}
检测link出现在视口
上面通过observer.observe(link)监视节点元素,其中observer是IntersectionObserver对象的实例,被监听的节点对象出现在视口时,会执行new操作时传入的回调函数,并将出现在视口的节点对象通过数组的形式传给该回调。然后在回调中便利传入的数组,如果数组中的元素包含在toPrefetch对象中,则取消对该元素的监视,并对该a标签元素所对应的资源进行预加载。
const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => {
entries.forEach(entry => {
if (entry.isIntersecting) {
const link = entry.target;
if (toPrefetch.has(link.href)) {
observer.unobserve(link);
prefetcher(link.href);
}
}
});
});
异步函数实现
如果浏览器支持requestIdleCallback,则使用原生的函数,如果不支持,则使用setTimeout函数做ployfill。
const requestIdleCallback = requestIdleCallback ||
function (cb) {
const start = Date.now();
return setTimeout(function () {
cb({
didTimeout: false,
timeRemaining: function () {
return Math.max(0, 50 - (Date.now() - start));
},
});
}, 1);
};
export default requestIdleCallback;
资源请求函数实现
预加载策略主要有三种
1.<link> prefetch
function linkPrefetchStrategy(url) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const link = document.createElement(`link`);
link.rel = `prefetch`;
link.href = url;
link.onload = resolve;
link.onerror = reject;
document.head.appendChild(link);
});
};
2.ajax加载
function xhrPrefetchStrategy(url) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const req = new XMLHttpRequest();
req.open(`GET`, url, req.withCredentials=true);
req.onload = () => {
(req.status === 200) ? resolve() : reject();
};
req.send();
});
}
3.Fetch请求加载
function highPriFetchStrategy(url) {
// TODO: Investigate using preload for high-priority
// fetches. May have to sniff file-extension to provide
// valid 'as' values. In the future, we may be able to
// use Priority Hints here.
//
// As of 2018, fetch() is high-priority in Chrome
// and medium-priority in Safari.
return self.fetch == null
? xhrPrefetchStrategy(url)
: fetch(url, {credentials: `include`});
}
网络类型判断
if (conn = navigator.connection) {
// Don't prefetch if the user is on 2G. or if Save-Data is enabled..
if ((conn.effectiveType || '').includes('2g') || conn.saveData) return;
}
将上面三种预加载方法封装成函数,暴露给外部使用
const supportedPrefetchStrategy = support('prefetch')
? linkPrefetchStrategy
: xhrPrefetchStrategy;
function prefetcher(url, isPriority, conn) {
if (preFetched[url]) {
return;
}
if (conn = navigator.connection) {
// Don't prefetch if the user is on 2G. or if Save-Data is enabled..
if ((conn.effectiveType || '').includes('2g') || conn.saveData) return;
}
// Wanna do something on catch()?
return (isPriority ? highPriFetchStrategy : supportedPrefetchStrategy)(url).then(() => {
preFetched[url] = true;
});
};
export default prefetcher;