Springboot使用velocity模板引擎

2024年1月29日 179次阅读 来源: 之剑

第五章 使用velocity模板引擎

最爽的Web组合开发就是Intellij IDEA + Maven + Spring Boot + Scala + Velocity + Boostrap + jQuery了.

Spring Boot提供了一个强大的一键式Spring的集成开发环境，能够单独进行一个Spring应用的开发，其中：

（1）集中式配置（application.properties）+注解，大大简化了开发流程

（2）内嵌的Tomcat和Jetty容器，可直接打成jar包启动，无需提供Java war包以及繁琐的Web配置

（3）提供了Spring各个插件的基于Maven的pom模板配置，开箱即用，便利无比。

（4）可以在任何你想自动化配置的地方，实现可能

（5）提供更多的企业级开发特性，如何系统监控，健康诊断，权限控制

（6）无冗余代码生成和XML强制配置

（7）提供支持强大的Restfult风格的编码，非常简洁

当然Spring Boot提供的功能，远远比上面的强大. Spring boot集成了servlet容器，当我们在pom文件中增加spring-boot-starter-web的maven依赖时，不做任何web相关的配置便能提供web服务，这还得归于spring boot 自动配置的功能（因为加了EnableAutoConfiguration的注解），帮我们创建了一堆默认的配置，以前在web.xml中配置，现在都可以通过spring bean的方式进行配置，由spring来进行生命周期的管理，大多数情况下，我们需要重载这些配置（例如修改服务的启动端口，contextpath,filter,listener,servlet,session超时时间等）

本章我们介绍一下,在SB中使用模板引擎Velocity.

SB默认支持的模板引擎

spring boot会自动配置 FreeMarker,Thymeleaf,Velocity，只需要在pom中加入相应的依赖即可

SB使用Velocity的依赖

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-velocity</artifactId>
</dependency>

默认配置下spring boot会从src/main/resources/templates目录中去找模板

SB的velocity配置

application.properties配置

lightsword/src/main/resources/application.properties


# VELOCITY TEMPLATES (VelocityAutoConfiguration)
spring.velocity.charset=UTF-8
spring.velocity.properties.input.encoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.properties.output.encoding=UTF-8
spring.velocity.resourceLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
spring.velocity.suffix=.html
spring.velocity.toolbox-config-location=/WEB-INF/toolbox.xml

这样,SB会从src/main/resources/templates目录中去找以.html后缀的模板文件.

Controller里面的Model

数据httpapis通过model传到模板文件(SpringMVC框架里面做的事情):

model.addAttribute("httpapis", HttpApiDao.findAll())

完整的Controller代码:

https://github.com/LightSwordSpringBoot/lightsword/blob/lightsword/src/main/scala/com/springboot/in/action/controller/HttpApiController.scala

package com.springboot.in.action.controller

import java.util.Date
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON
import com.springboot.in.action.dao.{HttpApiDao, HttpReportDao, HttpSuiteDao}
import com.springboot.in.action.engine.OkHttp
import com.springboot.in.action.entity.{HttpApi, HttpReport}
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.ui.Model
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.{PathVariable, RequestMapping, RequestMethod, RequestParam, ResponseBody, RestController}
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._

@RestController
@RequestMapping(Array("/httpapi"))
class HttpApiController @Autowired() (
    val HttpSuiteDao: HttpSuiteDao,
    val HttpApiDao: HttpApiDao,
    val HttpReportDao: HttpReportDao) {

  @RequestMapping(value = {
    Array("", "/")
  }, method = Array(RequestMethod.GET))
  def list(model: Model) = {
    model.addAttribute("httpapis", HttpApiDao.findAll())
    new ModelAndView("/httpapi/list")
  }
  
  ...
  
}

模板文件list.html

lightsword/src/main/resources/templates/httpapi/list.html


#include("/common/header.html")
<div class="form-group">
    <table style="word-break: break-all; word-wrap: break-all;"
        class="table table-hover table-condensed table-responsive">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th style='width: 60px'>Id</th>
                <th style='width: 100px'>用例名称</th>
                <th>URL</th>
                <th style='width: 80px'>方法</th>
                <th style='width: 100px'>期望输出</th>
                <th style='width: 60px'>次数</th>
                <th>状态</th>
                <th style='width: 90px'>创建人</th>
                <th style='width: 120px'>调用时间</th>
                <th style='width: 60px'>操作</th>
                <th>执行测试</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            #foreach ($t in $httpapis)
            <tr>
                <td>$!t.id</td>
                <td>$!t.name</td>
                <td>$!t.url</td>
                <td>$!t.method</td>
                <td>$!t.expectOutput</td>
                <td>$!t.runTimes</td> #if($!t.state==1)
                <td><div class="btn btn-success">成功</div></td> #elseif($!t.state==0)
                <td><div class="btn btn-danger">失败</div></td> #else
                <td><div class="btn btn-info">未执行</div></td> #end
                <td>$!t.owner</td>
                <td>$!DateTool.format('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss', $!t.gmtModify)</td>
                <td><a href="/httpapi/detailPage/$t.id">查看</a></td>
                <td><div id='btn-$t.id' class='btn btn-primary'
                        onclick='runTest($t.id)'>运行</div></td>
            </tr>
            #end
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

<script>
    function runTest(id) {
        var url = '/httpapi/runTest?id=' + id
        $.getJSON(url, function(data) {
            if (data) {
                alert('响应结果:' + JSON.stringify(data, null, 2))
                location.reload()
            } else {
                alert('执行失败')
            }
        })
    }
</script>


#include("/common/footer.html")

velocity的语法详情参考:

toolbox的使用

我们在velocity模板文件中有时候需要格式化小数点,日期等输出,我们可以使用toolbox.

我们看到application.properties有这么一行配置:

spring.velocity.toolbox-config-location=/WEB-INF/toolbox.xml

然后,在list.html里面有这么一行代码

<td>$!DateTool.format('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss', $!t.gmtModify)</td>

这个DateTool就是我们这里要说的toolbox的功能.

lightsword/src/main/resources/WEB-INF/toolbox.xml的配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ============================================================= @(#) toolbox.xml 
    Copyright (c) 2016, Project, All Rights Reserved. ============================================================= -->

<toolbox>

    <!-- [ DateTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/generic/DateTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/DateTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>DateTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.DateTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ MathTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/generic/MathTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/generic/MathTool.html (en) 
        @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>MathTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.MathTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ NumberTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/NumberTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>NumberTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.NumberTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ RenderTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/generic/RenderTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.0 <tool> <key>render</key> <scope>application</scope> 
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.RenderTool</class> </tool> -->

    <!-- [ EscapeTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/generic/EscapeTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>EscapeTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.EscapeTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ ResourceTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/ResourceTool.html 
        (en) @since Velocity 1.3 <tool> <key>text</key> <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.ResourceTool</class> 
        <parameter name="bundles" value="resources,prj.hoboken.patrasche.resources.PatrascheResources" 
        /> <parameter name="locale" value="ja_JP" /> </tool> -->

    <!-- [ AlternatorTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/AlternatorTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>AlternatorTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.AlternatorTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ ValueParser ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/ValueParser.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>ValueParser</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.ValueParser</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ ListTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/ListTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>ListTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.ListTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ SortTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/SortTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.2 -->
    <tool>
        <key>SortTool</key>
        <scope>application</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.SortTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ IteratorTool ] @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/javadoc/org/apache/velocity/tools/generic/IteratorTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>IteratorTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.IteratorTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- ============================================================ [ TOOL 
        FOR STRUTS TAGLIB ] ============================================================ -->
    <!-- [ ActionMessagesTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/ActionMessagesTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/ActionMessagesTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.1 -->
    <tool>
        <key>ActionMessagesTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.ActionMessagesTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ ErrorsTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/ErrorsTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/ErrorsTool.html (en) 
        @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>ErrorsTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.ErrorsTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ FormTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/FormTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/FormTool.html (en) 
        @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>FormTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.FormTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ MessageTool ] @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/MessageTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/MessageTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>MessageTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.MessageTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ StrutsLinkTool ] LinkTool @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/StrutsLinkTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/StrutsLinkTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.0 -->
    <tool>
        <key>StrutsLinkTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.StrutsLinkTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ SecureLinkTool ] LinkTool @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/SecureLinkTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/SecureLinkTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.1 -->
    <tool>
        <key>SecureLinkTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.SecureLinkTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ TilesTool ] Tiles @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/TilesTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/TilesTool.html (en) 
        @since VelocityTools 1.1 -->
    <tool>
        <key>TilesTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.TilesTool</class>
    </tool>

    <!-- [ ValidatorTool ] Validator @see http://www.jajakarta.org/velocity/tools/velocity-tools-1.1/docs-ja/struts/ValidatorTool.html 
        (ja) @see http://velocity.apache.org/tools/devel/struts/ValidatorTool.html 
        (en) @since VelocityTools 1.1 -->
    <tool>
        <key>ValidatorTool</key>
        <scope>request</scope>
        <class>org.apache.velocity.tools.struts.ValidatorTool</class>
    </tool>


</toolbox>

这样我们就可以在模板文件中使用类似DateTool这样的工具类了.同时我们也可以在代码里自己实现工具类,然后配置到toolbox.xml文件里.

    原文作者：之剑
    原文地址: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000005802639
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