变量转换
var myVar = "3.14159",
str = ""+ myVar,// string范例
int = ~~myVar, // number范例
float = 1*myVar, // number范例
bool = !!myVar, // boolean范例
array = [myVar]; // array范例
然则转换日期(new Date(myVar))和正则表达式(new RegExp(myVar))必需运用组织函数,建立正则表达式的时刻要运用/pattern/flags如许的简化情势。
取整同时转换成数值型
//字符型变量介入运算时,JS会自动将其转换为数值型(假如没法转化,变成NaN)
'10.567890' | 0 //10
//JS内里的一切数值型都是双精度浮点数,
//因而,JS在举行位运算时,会首先将这些数字运算数转换为整数,然后再实行运算
//| 是二进制或, x|0 永久即是x;
//^为异或,同0异1,所以 x^0 照样永久即是x;
//~是按位取反,搞了两次今后值固然是一样的
'10.567890' ^ 0 //效果: 10
- 2.23456789 | 0 //-2
~~2.23456789 //2
~~-2.23456789 //-2
~-2.23456789 //1
~2.23456789 //-3
日期转数值
//JS自身时候的内部示意情势就是Unix时候戳,以毫秒为单元记录著当前间隔1970年1月1日0点的时候单元
var d = +new Date(); //1488947616099
类数组对象转数组
var arr =[].slice.call(arguments)
以下实例:
function test() {
var res = ['a', 'b'];
//要领1
res = res.concat([].slice.call(arguments,0)); //0可省略,示意从最先位置截取
//要领2
Array.prototype.push.apply(res, arguments);
}
test('c','d'); //["a", "b", "c", "d"]
进制之间的转换
(int).toString(16); // converts int to hex, eg 12 => "C"
(int).toString(8); // converts int to octal, eg. 12 => "14"
parseInt(string,16) // converts hex to int, eg. "FF" => 255
parseInt(string,8) // converts octal to int, eg. "20" => 16
推断是不是为IE
//edit http://www.lai18.com
// 貌似是最短的,应用IE不支撑规范的ECMAscript中数组末逗号疏忽的机制
var ie = !-[1,];
// 应用了IE的前提解释
var ie = /*@cc_on!@*/false;
// 照样前提解释
var ie//@cc_on=1;
// IE不支撑垂直制表符
var ie = '\v'=='v';
// 道理同上
var ie = !+"\v1";
只管应用原生要领
要找一组数字中的最大数,我们能够会写一个轮回,比方:
var numbers = [3,342,23,22,124];
var max = 0;
for(var i=0;i<numbers.length;i++){
if(numbers[i] > max){
max = numbers[i];
}
}
alert(max);
实在应用原生的要领,能够更简朴完成
var numbers = [3,342,23,22,124];
numbers.sort(function(a,b){return b - a});
alert(numbers[0]);
固然最简约的要领就是:
Math.max(12,123,3,2,433,4); // returns 433
当前也能够如许:
Math.max.apply(Math, [12, 123, 3, 2, 433, 4]) //取最大值
Math.min.apply(Math, [12, 123, 3, 2, 433, 4]) //取最小值
事宜委派
举个简朴的例子:html代码以下:
<h2>Great Web resources</h2>
<ul id="resources">
<li><a href="http://opera.com/wsc">Opera Web Standards Curriculum</a></li>
<li><a href="http://sitepoint.com">Sitepoint</a></li>
<li><a href="http://alistapart.com">A List Apart</a></li>
<li><a href="http://yuiblog.com">YUI Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blameitonthevoices.com">Blame it on the voices</a></li>
<li><a href="http://oddlyspecific.com">Oddly specific</a></li>
</ul>
js代码以下:
// Classic event handling example
(function(){
var resources = document.getElementById('resources');
var links = resources.getElementsByTagName('a');
var all = links.length;
for(var i=0;i<all;i++){
// Attach a listener to each link
links[i].addEventListener('click',handler,false);
};
function handler(e){
var x = e.target; // Get the link that was clicked
alert(x);
e.preventDefault();
};
})();
应用事宜委派能够写出越发文雅的:
(function(){
var resources = document.getElementById('resources');
resources.addEventListener('click',handler,false);
function handler(e){
var x = e.target; // get the link tha
if(x.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'a'){
alert('Event delegation:' + x);
e.preventDefault();
}
};
})();
你晓得你的浏览器支撑哪个版本的Javascript吗?
var JS_ver = [];
(Number.prototype.toFixed)?JS_ver.push("1.5"):false;
([].indexOf && [].forEach)?JS_ver.push("1.6"):false;
((function(){try {[a,b] = [0,1];return true;}catch(ex) {return false;}})())?JS_ver.push("1.7"):false;
([].reduce && [].reduceRight && JSON)?JS_ver.push("1.8"):false;
("".trimLeft)?JS_ver.push("1.8.1"):false;
JS_ver.supports = function()
{
if (arguments[0])
return (!!~this.join().indexOf(arguments[0] +",") +",");
else
return (this[this.length-1]);
}
alert("Latest Javascript version supported: "+ JS_ver.supports());
alert("Support for version 1.7 : "+ JS_ver.supports("1.7"));
推断属性是不是存在
// BAD: This will cause an error in code when foo is undefined
if (foo) {
doSomething();
}
// GOOD: This doesn't cause any errors. However, even when
// foo is set to NULL or false, the condition validates as true
if (typeof foo != "undefined") {
doSomething();
}
// BETTER: This doesn't cause any errors and in addition
// values NULL or false won't validate as true
if (window.foo) {
doSomething();
}
有的情况下,我们有更深的构造和须要更适宜的搜检的时刻:
// UGLY: we have to proof existence of every
// object before we can be sure property actually exists
if (window.oFoo && oFoo.oBar && oFoo.oBar.baz) {
doSomething();
}
实在最好的检测一个属性是不是存在的要领为:
if("opera" in window){
console.log("OPERA");
}else{
console.log("NOT OPERA");
}
检测对象是不是为数组
var obj=[];
Object.prototype.toString.call(obj)=="[object Array]";
给函数通报对象
function doSomething() {
// Leaves the function if nothing is passed
if (!arguments[0]) {
return false;
}
var oArgs = arguments[0]
arg0 = oArgs.arg0 || "",
arg1 = oArgs.arg1 || "",
arg2 = oArgs.arg2 || 0,
arg3 = oArgs.arg3 || [],
arg4 = oArgs.arg4 || false;
}
doSomething({
arg1 : "foo",
arg2 : 5,
arg4 : false
});
轮回中运用标签
有时刻轮回当中嵌套轮回,你能够想要退出某一层轮回,之前老是用一个标志变量来推断,如今才晓得有更好的要领:
outerloop:
for (var iI=0;iI<5;iI++) {
if (somethingIsTrue()) {
// Breaks the outer loop iteration
break outerloop;
}
innerloop:
for (var iA=0;iA<5;iA++) {
if (somethingElseIsTrue()) {
// Breaks the inner loop iteration
break innerloop;
}
}
}