三元组相加获得target
3Sum
给定一个数组,选择三个元素相加,结果为target,找出所有符合的三元组
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0
Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note: The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4]
example 1
input: [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4]
A solution set is:
[
[-1, 0, 1],
[-1, -1, 2]
]
思路
乱序数组,需要找到所有组合,需要三层循环,复杂度为O(n³)。
可以先排序,排序后只需要两层循环,复杂度为O(n²)。第一层循环遍历所有元素,第二层循环由于数组已经排序,只需要头尾两个指针像中间靠拢,一但三个元素相加为target,则添加此三元组,然后继续像中间靠拢扫描。
需要避免重复的三元组被加入
代码
class Solution(object):
def threeSum(self, nums):
"""
:type nums: List[int]
:rtype: List[List[int]]
"""
nums.sort()
ret = []
for i in range(len(nums) - 2):
# 避免重复
if i > 0 and nums[i] == nums[i-1]:
continue
j, k = i + 1, len(nums) - 1
while j < k:
if nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] == 0:
ret.append([nums[i], nums[j], nums[k]])
j += 1
k -= 1
# 避免重复
while j < k and nums[j] == nums[j - 1]:
j += 1
while j < k and nums[k] == nums[k + 1]:
k -= 1
elif nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] < 0:
j += 1
else:
k -= 1
return ret
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