继上篇Android 事件分发机制源码攻略（二） —— ViewGroup篇的介绍后，我们知道事件如何从Activity的dispatchTouchEvent经由顶层ViewDecorView 再到ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent，ViewGroup层的分发，我个人觉得是整个事件分发最为关键的一部分，理解透了ViewGroup层的事件传递，相当于对整个事件分发传递也就差不多了。现在事件传递到View层，这一篇，我们将对分析事件在View层的dispatchTouchEvent、onTouchEvent、OnTouchListener、OnClickListener这些方法的传递顺序。首先，我们来看下dispatchTouchEvent这个方法。
/**
* Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
* view if it is the target.
*
* @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
* @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
*/
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
// If the event should be handled by accessibility focus first.
if (event.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()) {
// We don't have focus or no virtual descendant has it, do not handle the event.
if (!isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
return false;
}
// We have focus and got the event, then use normal event dispatch.
event.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
boolean result = false;
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(event, 0);
}
final int actionMasked = event.getActionMasked();
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Defensive cleanup for new gesture
stopNestedScroll();
}
//跟ViewGroup层的一样，都是安全策略
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
//鼠标拖拉处理，不是分发的重点
if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
result = true;
}
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
//内部类，包含各种触摸监听
ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
//优先判断mOnTouchListener是否为空，为空的话就跳过，不为空的话，就走到onTouchEvent方法去
if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
&& (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
&& li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
result = true;
}
//result为false的情况
if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
result = true;
}
}
if (!result && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(event, 0);
}
// Clean up after nested scrolls if this is the end of a gesture;
// also cancel it if we tried an ACTION_DOWN but we didn't want the rest
// of the gesture.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP ||
actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL ||
(actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN && !result)) {
stopNestedScroll();
}
return result;
}
View的dispatchTouchEvent方法相对简单，没有复杂的逻辑。整个方法最为关键的地方是从第41行开始，先对OnTouchListener这个监听进行判断，如果给这个View设置了OnTouchListener监听并且返回true，那result就直接为true了，这直接导致事件没有进到onTouchEvent方法就结束分发了。如果没有设置OnTouchListener监听，那就会进到onTouchEvent方法，然后View的dispatchTouchEvent方法到此也就结束了。接着，我们再来看看onTouchEvent()方法。
/** * Implement this method to handle touch screen motion events. * <p> * If this method is used to detect click actions, it is recommended that * the actions be performed by implementing and calling * {@link #performClick()}. This will ensure consistent system behavior, * including: * <ul> * <li>obeying click sound preferences * <li>dispatching OnClickListener calls * <li>handling {@link AccessibilityNodeInfo#ACTION_CLICK ACTION_CLICK} when * accessibility features are enabled * </ul> * * @param event The motion event. * @return True if the event was handled, false otherwise. */
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final float x = event.getX();
final float y = event.getY();
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
final int action = event.getAction();
//如果View的状态是DISABLED，那返回值将由View可点击性（单点、长按等）决定
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
setPressed(false);
}
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
|| (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
|| (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE);
}
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
//如果View是可点击的，返回true，即是事件默认消费了。否则返回false;
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) ||
(viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) {
switch (action) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
//在ACTION_DOWN选项里会设置mPrivateFlags的状态
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
setPressed(true, x, y);
}
//如果这事件是从ACTION_DOWN开始，那mHasPerformedLongPress应该为false
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress && !mIgnoreNextUpEvent) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();//移除长按回调
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
//执行点击事件
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
// 取消View的Press状态
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
//设置长按的触发位置标签为false
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
//位于可滑动容器里
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
mPendingCheckForTap.x = event.getX();
mPendingCheckForTap.y = event.getY();
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
//设置View为Pressed,并触发长按事件
setPressed(true, x, y);
checkForLongClick(0, x, y);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
setPressed(false);
removeTapCallback();
removeLongPressCallback();
mInContextButtonPress = false;
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
mIgnoreNextUpEvent = false;
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
drawableHotspotChanged(x, y);
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
//移动的位置是否已经不在该View的范围内
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
//移除CheckForTap
removeTapCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
// 移除长按任务
removeLongPressCallback();
// 取消View的Press状态
setPressed(false);
}
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
哇，初看这个方法很长，以为很麻烦。其实里面很简单，依旧是没什么麻烦的逻辑的。以上方法可以总结成以下两点
1、如果View是可点击、可长按的，则返回true；否则返回false;
2、如果View是可点击、可长按的，优先触发performLongClick()长按事件，当抬起来时，触发onClick()事件（前提是你设置了OnClickListener监听）。
整个方法的话，除了上面说的前提外，剩下的要点就是分析在ACTION_DOWN、ACTION_MOVE、ACTION_UP所做的处理了。首先来看下ACTION_DOWN里面做了那些操作。
看到第110行有这么个方法isInScrollingContainer，我们进去看看是做了什么。
/** * @hide 隐藏的方法 */
public boolean isInScrollingContainer() {
ViewParent p = getParent();
while (p != null && p instanceof ViewGroup) {
if (((ViewGroup) p).shouldDelayChildPressedState()) {
return true;
}
p = p.getParent();
}
return false;
}这个方法是调用其父布局的shouldDelayChildPressedState方法，那再去看看这个方法做了什么
/**
* Return true if the pressed state should be delayed for children or descendants of this
* ViewGroup. Generally, this should be done for containers that can scroll, such as a List.
* This prevents the pressed state from appearing when the user is actually trying to scroll
* the content.
*
* The default implementation returns true for compatibility reasons. Subclasses that do
* not scroll should generally override this method and return false.
*/
public boolean shouldDelayChildPressedState() {
return true;
}这个注释大概的意思是父布局如果是可滑动的，应该返回true；否则，返回False；这个不属于我们这次讨论的问题，有兴趣的同学可以自行深入探究。
接着我们再看上面的第117行-124行，这几句代码的主要的用途是延迟执行CheckForTap这个任务，我们再看看这个CheckForTap做了那些操作。
private final class CheckForTap implements Runnable {
public float x;
public float y;
@Override
public void run() {
//更改flag
mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_PREPRESSED;
//设置pressed为true
setPressed(true, x, y);
//检查并执行长按
checkForLongClick(ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout(), x, y);
}
}这是一个实现Runnable接口的类，后面我们会看到很多的执行操作都是实现Runnable接口；这块代码跟128处的代码差不多，也就是说，两者的区别在于是否延迟执行后续任务了。好了，我们再来看看checkForLongClick这个方法做了什么。
private void checkForLongClick(int delayOffset, float x, float y) {
//该View是否可以长按
if ((mViewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) {
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (mPendingCheckForLongPress == null) {
//实例长按任务
mPendingCheckForLongPress = new CheckForLongPress();
}
//设置锚点
mPendingCheckForLongPress.setAnchor(x, y);
//修改WindowAttachCount
mPendingCheckForLongPress.rememberWindowAttachCount();
//延迟执行长按任务
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForLongPress,
ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout() - delayOffset);
}
}这个方法很简单，先是判断这个View是否可以长按，为true的话，将当前位置设置下去，并修改相应的View所关联的window数量。紧接着延迟执行长按任务。
private final class CheckForLongPress implements Runnable {
private int mOriginalWindowAttachCount;
private float mX;
private float mY;
@Override
public void run() {
//pressed为true并且父布局不为空
if (isPressed() && (mParent != null)
//基本上有调用rememberWindowAttachCount这个方法基本是相等的
&& mOriginalWindowAttachCount == mWindowAttachCount) {
if (performLongClick(mX, mY)) {
mHasPerformedLongPress = true;
}
}
}
public void setAnchor(float x, float y) {
mX = x;
mY = y;
}
public void rememberWindowAttachCount() {
mOriginalWindowAttachCount = mWindowAttachCount;
}
}
/** * Calls this view's OnLongClickListener, if it is defined. Invokes the * context menu if the OnLongClickListener did not consume the event, * anchoring it to an (x,y) coordinate. * * @param x x coordinate of the anchoring touch event, or {@link Float#NaN} * to disable anchoring * @param y y coordinate of the anchoring touch event, or {@link Float#NaN} * to disable anchoring * @return {@code true} if one of the above receivers consumed the event, * {@code false} otherwise */
public boolean performLongClick(float x, float y) {
mLongClickX = x;
mLongClickY = y;
final boolean handled = performLongClick();
mLongClickX = Float.NaN;
mLongClickY = Float.NaN;
return handled;
}
/** * Calls this view's OnLongClickListener, if it is defined. Invokes the * context menu if the OnLongClickListener did not consume the event. * * @return {@code true} if one of the above receivers consumed the event, * {@code false} otherwise */
public boolean performLongClick() {
return performLongClickInternal(mLongClickX, mLongClickY);
}
/** * Calls this view's OnLongClickListener, if it is defined. Invokes the * context menu if the OnLongClickListener did not consume the event, * optionally anchoring it to an (x,y) coordinate. * * @param x x coordinate of the anchoring touch event, or {@link Float#NaN} * to disable anchoring * @param y y coordinate of the anchoring touch event, or {@link Float#NaN} * to disable anchoring * @return {@code true} if one of the above receivers consumed the event, * {@code false} otherwise */
private boolean performLongClickInternal(float x, float y) {
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_LONG_CLICKED);
boolean handled = false;
final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
//触发长按监听事件
if (li != null && li.mOnLongClickListener != null) {
handled = li.mOnLongClickListener.onLongClick(View.this);
}
if (!handled) {
final boolean isAnchored = !Float.isNaN(x) && !Float.isNaN(y);
handled = isAnchored ? showContextMenu(x, y) : showContextMenu();
}
if (handled) {
performHapticFeedback(HapticFeedbackConstants.LONG_PRESS);
}
return handled;
}上面的代码没有太多的逻辑，最终的实现是最后面这一块。从最后这里可以看出，View的onTouchEvent事件处理首个ACTION_DOWN事件，优先响应的是长按监听（如果你有设置的话），如果该布局是可滑动的（比如listView这类），会有相应的延迟。好了，到这里ACTION_DOWN的事件到此就结束了。接着，我们来看下ACTION_MOVE事件的处理流程。
从上面的代码的第145-157行，观察注释就基本了解了。在View的范围内，基本不处理。那我们再来看看ACTION_UP做了哪些处理。
我们可以直接看第74行PerformClick，其他的代码基本上都是一些简单的判断，主要的就是PerformClick这个类。
private final class PerformClick implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
performClick();
}
}
/** * Call this view's OnClickListener, if it is defined. Performs all normal * actions associated with clicking: reporting accessibility event, playing * a sound, etc. * * @return True there was an assigned OnClickListener that was called, false * otherwise is returned. */
public boolean performClick() {
final boolean result;
final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
return result;
}看到这里我们知道，ACTION_UP事件最终会走到OnClickListener这个监听去。自此我们可以得出当首个ACTION_DOWN事件下来，在View的这一层首先是
OnTouchListener->onTouchEvent->OnLongClickListener->OnClickListener。
我们来做对View层的事件分发做个小结。
