使用python mechanize登录使用NTLM身份验证的页面

2019年8月4日 222次阅读

我想使用mechanize登录页面并检索一些信息.但是,我尝试验证它只是失败,错误代码HTTP 401,如下所示：

r = br.open('http://intra')
File "bui...e\_mechanize.py", line 203, in open
File "bui...g\mechanize\_mechanize.py", line 255,
in _mech_openmechanize._response.httperror_seek_wrapper: HTTP Error 401: Unauthorized

到目前为止这是我的代码：

import mechanize
import cookielib

# Browser
br = mechanize.Browser()

# Cookie Jar
cj = cookielib.LWPCookieJar()
br.set_cookiejar(cj)

# Browser options
br.set_handle_equiv(True)
# br.set_handle_gzip(True)
br.set_handle_redirect(True)
br.set_handle_referer(True)
br.set_handle_robots(False)

# Follows refresh 0 but not hangs on refresh > 0
br.set_handle_refresh(mechanize._http.HTTPRefreshProcessor(), max_time=1)

# If the protected site didn't receive the authentication data you would
# end up with a 410 error in your face
br.add_password('http://intra', 'myusername', 'mypassword')

# User-Agent (this is cheating, ok?)
br.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008071615 Fedora/3.0.1-1.fc9 Firefox/3.0.1')]
# Open some site, let's pick a random one, the first that pops in mind:
# r = br.open('http://google.com')
r = br.open('http://intra')
html = r.read()

# Show the source
print html

我究竟做错了什么？访问http：// intra(内部页面),例如chrome,它会弹出一个窗口并询问用户名/密码一次然后一切都很好.

弹出的对话框如下所示：

最佳答案 经过大量的研究,我设法找出了背后的原因.

查找所有站点使用所谓的NTLM authentication,机械化不支持.
这有助于找出网站的身份验证机制：

wget -O /dev/null -S http://www.the-site.com/

所以代码修改了一下：

import sys
import urllib2
import mechanize
from ntlm import HTTPNtlmAuthHandler

print("LOGIN...")
user = sys.argv[1]
password = sys.argv[2]
url = sys.argv[3]

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, url, user, password)
# create the NTLM authentication handler
auth_NTLM = HTTPNtlmAuthHandler.HTTPNtlmAuthHandler(passman)

browser = mechanize.Browser()
handlersToKeep = []

for handler in browser.handlers:
    if not isinstance(handler,
    (mechanize._http.HTTPRobotRulesProcessor)):
        handlersToKeep.append(handler)

browser.handlers = handlersToKeep
browser.add_handler(auth_NTLM)

response = browser.open(url)
response = browser.open("http://www.the-site.com")
print(response.read())

最后机械化需要修补,如here所述：

--- _response.py.old    2013-02-06 11:14:33.208385467 +0100
+++ _response.py    2013-02-06 11:21:41.884081708 +0100
@@ -350,8 +350,13 @@
             self.fileno = self.fp.fileno
         else:
             self.fileno = lambda: None
-        self.__iter__ = self.fp.__iter__
-        self.next = self.fp.next
+
+        if hasattr(self.fp, "__iter__"):
+            self.__iter__ = self.fp.__iter__
+            self.next = self.fp.next
+        else:
+            self.__iter__ = lambda self: self
+            self.next = lambda self: self.fp.readline()

     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s at %s whose fp = %r>' % (
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