sql – 如何在窗口中合并重叠时间?

我有这样一张桌子:

CREATE TABLE #TEMP (Name VARCHAR(255), START_TIME datetime, END_TIME datetime);

INSERT INTO #TEMP VALUES('John', '2012-01-01 09:00:01', '2012-01-01 12:00:02')
INSERT INTO #TEMP VALUES('John', '2012-01-01 09:40:01', '2012-01-01 11:00:02')
INSERT INTO #TEMP VALUES('John', '2012-01-02 05:00:01', '2012-01-02 05:15:02')
INSERT INTO #TEMP VALUES('David', '2012-01-04 05:00:01', '2012-01-04 05:15:02')
INSERT INTO #TEMP VALUES('David', '2012-01-05 07:01:01', '2012-01-05 15:15:02')

SELECT *
FROM #TEMP

DROP TABLE #TEMP

数据是:

     Name   START_TIME                 END_TIME
1    John   2012-01-01 09:00:01.000    2012-01-01 12:00:02.000
2    John   2012-01-01 09:40:01.000    2012-01-01 11:00:02.000
3    John   2012-01-02 05:00:01.000    2012-01-02 05:15:02.000
4    David  2012-01-04 05:00:01.000    2012-01-04 05:15:02.000
5    David  2012-01-05 07:01:01.000    2012-01-05 08:15:02.000

给出一个数字,6,我试图在这个表上进行GROUP BY并合并在6小时之前和之后的窗口内重叠的时间.因此,在上表中,第1行和第2行将合并为单行,因为它们包含重叠的时间范围:

John 2012-01-01 06:00:01.000 2012-01-01 18:00:02.000

第4行和第5行将合并,因为从07:01:01.000减去6小时后会进入第4行的窗口.

有一个很好的方法在包含大约一百万行的大型表上执行此操作吗?

最佳答案 我认为最好的方法是创建一个Windows表并使用这个新窗口表连接#temp表:

1)步骤1,准备窗口表,其中包含所有可能的窗口间隙(包含重叠的窗口):

   SELECT 
      Name,
      dateadd(hour, -6, start_time) as start_w, 
      dateadd(hour, +6, start_time) as end_w
   into #possible_windows
   FROM #TEMP 

2)在临时表上创建索引以提高性能

   create index pw_idx on #possible_windows ( Name, start_w)

3)消除自连接选择中的重叠窗口.这是创建索引的原因:

   select p2.* 
   into #myWindows
   from #possible_windows p1
   right outer join #possible_windows p2
     on p1.name = p2.name and 
        p2.start_w > p1.start_W and p2.start_w <= p1.end_w
   where p1.name is null

4)用#myWindows加入你的桌子或直接使用它.

工作方式:

SELECT 
  Name,
  dateadd(hour, -6, start_time) as start_w, 
  dateadd(hour, +6, start_time) as end_w,
  ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by Name order by Name, 
                    dateadd(hour, -6, start_time) ) as rn
into #possible_windows
FROM #TEMP 

create index pw_idx on #possible_windows ( Name, start_w)

select p2.* 
from #possible_windows p1
right outer join #possible_windows p2
  on p1.name = p2.name and 
     p2.start_w > p1.start_W and p2.start_w <= p1.end_w
where p1.name is null

结果:

Name  start_w       end_w         rn 
----- ------------- ------------- -- 
David 2012-01-03 23:00:012012-01-04 11:00:011  
David 2012-01-05 01:01:012012-01-05 13:01:012  
John  2012-01-01 03:00:012012-01-01 15:00:011  
John  2012-01-01 23:00:012012-01-02 11:00:013 

PE:请回去进行性能测试!

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