原创: 北京和睦家麻醉叶新在梦想中前行的麻醉叶新 2018-06-29
Dural Puncture Epidural
84. Chau A, Bibbo C, Huang CC, Elterman KG, Cappiello EC, Robinson JN, etal.:
Dural Puncture Epidural Technique Improves Labor Analgesia Quality With Fewer Side Effects Compared With Epidural and Combined Spinal Epidural Techniques: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Anesth Analg 2017; 124: 560-569.
Dural puncture epidural (DPE) with a 24 or 25 G spinal needle improves sacral block onset and spread of block when compared with an epidural technique (EPL), but no such benefit was shown with a 27 G needle.
In this RCT, 120 laboring women received EPL, DPE or combined spinal epidural technique (CSE) technique. A 25 G Whitacre needle was used for DPE and CSE.
1. There was no significant difference in the median time to pain score ≤1 (primary outcome) between DPE (11 min) and EPL (18 min), but DPE achieved pain score ≤1 significantly slower than CSE (2 min).
2. Compared with EPL, DPE had significantly faster and greater incidence of sacral blockade, lower incidence of asymmetric block and physician top-up interventions.
3. Compared with CSE, DPE had less pruritus, hypotension, uterine tachysystole/hypertonus, and physician top-ups.
硬膜刺破技术相比于单纯硬膜外技术和腰硬联合技术,可改善分娩镇痛效果,降低副作用:一项随机对照试验
背景:
用24或25号腰麻针头,行硬膜刺破技术的分娩镇痛,可比单纯硬膜外分娩镇痛技术,更快的骶区起效,更好的骶区扩散,但是使用27号针头则没有此效应。
方法:
本研究中,将120位产妇分为单纯硬膜外组,硬膜刺破技术组,腰硬联合技术组。使用25号Whitacre针头完成硬膜刺破。
结果:
1. 在疼痛评分<1时的中位时间(首要结果),硬膜刺破技术(11 min)和单纯硬膜外(18 min)间,没有统计学差异,但是明显慢于腰硬联合技术(2 min)。
2. 与单纯硬膜外相比,硬膜刺破技术可以提供更快和更好的骶区阻滞,更少的阻滞不对称,更少的镇痛不足补救处理。
3. 与腰硬联合相比,硬膜刺破技术可以减少皮肤瘙痒,低血压,子宫过度收缩/高张力,和镇痛不足补救处理。
个人评价:
1. 数据是很可怕的。这篇文章里,硬膜刺破技术在起效时间这个最重要的结果上,远远慢于腰硬联合组,和单纯硬膜外相比,也没有统计学差异。但是标题却感觉是比另外两种技术都好。
2. 再次强调,国外都是以完全无痛作为分娩镇痛的目标。
3. 这里提出问题:什么是子宫收缩过度/高张力?为什么发生?有什么意义?需要哪些监测?
4. 在使用更好的加强型硬膜外导管后,阻滞不对称的几率从10%以上降到不足1%。
5. 腰硬联合技术出现镇痛不足,需要补救剂量的情况,多半是药物设计和衔接有问题,不能说明硬膜刺破技术优于腰硬联合技术。