这是一个大大减少的事情,我正试图以最好的方式做. (当然,问题也在于,我试图了解如何最好地运用精神.)
我需要将数据解析为具有多个成员的结构.成员被简单地列为键值对,因此这很简单 – 但是,如果某些键不同,那么在我正在解析的数据中,稍后可能会出现不同的值,或者可能省略某些键.然而,我最终解析的数据结构具有固定的形式.
在示例代码中,my_struct是这样的结构：
struct my_struct {
std::string a;
std::string b;
std::string c;
std::string d;
};
和grammar1是一个解析这样的字符串的语法
"a: x b: y c: z d: w"
像这样的结构
my_struct{ "x", "y", "z", "w" }
我想另外解析这样的字符串：
"a: x b: y d-no-c: w"
像这样的结构
my_struct{ "x", "y", "", "w" }
理想情况下,我希望尽可能简单地做到这一点,而不必在此过程中制作不必要的字符串副本.
我的第一个想法是,主要规则应该被重写,以便它解析“a”和“b”,然后根据是否存在“c”在两个选项之间进行选择.这很容易理解为语法,但是当我们尝试使数据类型适合于它的属性语法部分时,我似乎无法使其工作.我尝试使用std :: pair< std :: string,std :: string>以及替代类型的fusion :: vector,但是这显然不能使用qi operator< > grammar4有效,但有没有办法按照语法2做一些事情,这可能更有效率？
>为什么grammar3未通过测试？
完整列表：
#define SPIRIT_USE_PHOENIX_V3
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_core.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix_fusion.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/struct/define_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/define_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
BOOST_FUSION_DEFINE_STRUCT(
/**/
,
my_struct,
(std::string, a)
(std::string, b)
(std::string, c)
(std::string, d))
template<typename Iterator>
class grammar1 : public qi::grammar<Iterator, my_struct()> {
public:
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> id;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> main;
grammar1() : grammar1::base_type(main) {
using qi::lit;
using qi::char_;
using qi::omit;
using qi::space;
id = omit[ *space ] >> *char_("A-Za-z_") >> omit [ *space ];
main = lit("a:") >> id >> lit("b:") >> id >> lit("c:") >> id >> lit("d:") >> id;
}
};
//typedef std::pair<std::string, std::string> second_part_type;
typedef boost::fusion::vector<std::string, std::string> second_part_type;
template<typename Iterator>
class grammar2 : public qi::grammar<Iterator, my_struct()> {
public:
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> id;
qi::rule<Iterator, second_part_type()> with_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, second_part_type()> without_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> main;
grammar2() : grammar2::base_type(main) {
using qi::lit;
using qi::char_;
using qi::omit;
using qi::space;
using qi::attr;
id = omit[ *space ] >> *char_("A-Za-z_") >> omit [ *space ];
with_c = lit("c:") >> id >> lit("d:") >> id;
without_c = attr("") >> lit("d-no-c:") >> id;
main = lit("a:") >> id >> lit("b:") >> id >> (with_c | without_c);
}
};
template<typename Iterator>
class grammar3 : public qi::grammar<Iterator, my_struct()> {
public:
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> id;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> with_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> without_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> main;
grammar3() : grammar3::base_type(main) {
using qi::lit;
using qi::char_;
using qi::omit;
using qi::space;
using qi::attr;
id = omit[ *space ] >> *char_("A-Za-z_") >> omit [ *space ];
with_c = lit("a:") >> id >> lit("b:") >> id >> lit("c:") >> id >> lit("d:") >> id;
without_c = lit("a:") >> id >> lit("b:") >> id >> attr("") >> lit("d-no-c:") >> id;
main = with_c | without_c;
}
};
/***
* Alternate approach
*/
typedef std::pair<std::string, std::string> spair;
BOOST_FUSION_DEFINE_STRUCT(
/**/
,
my_struct2,
(std::string, a)
(std::string, b)
(spair, cd))
template<typename Iterator>
class grammar4 : public qi::grammar<Iterator, my_struct2()> {
public:
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> id;
qi::rule<Iterator, spair()> with_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, spair()> without_c;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct2()> main;
grammar4() : grammar4::base_type(main) {
using qi::lit;
using qi::char_;
using qi::omit;
using qi::space;
using qi::attr;
id = omit[ *space ] >> *char_("A-Za-z_") >> omit [ *space ];
with_c = lit("c:") >> id >> lit("d:") >> id;
without_c = attr("") >> lit("d-no-c:") >> id;
main = lit("a:") >> id >> lit("b:") >> id >> (with_c | without_c);
}
};
my_struct convert_struct(my_struct2 && s) {
return { std::move(s.a), std::move(s.b), std::move(s.cd.first), std::move(s.cd.second) };
}
/***
* Testing
*/
void check_strings_eq(const std::string & a, const std::string & b, const char * label, int line = 0) {
if (a != b) {
std::cerr << "Mismatch '" << label << "' ";
if (line) { std::cerr << "at line " << line << " "; }
std::cerr << "\"" << a << "\" != \"" << b << "\"\n";
}
}
void check_eq(const my_struct & s, const my_struct & t, int line = 0) {
check_strings_eq(s.a, t.a, "a", line);
check_strings_eq(s.b, t.b, "b", line);
check_strings_eq(s.c, t.c, "c", line);
check_strings_eq(s.d, t.d, "d", line);
}
template<template<typename> class Grammar>
void test_grammar(const std::string & input, const my_struct & expected, int line = 0) {
auto it = input.begin();
auto end = input.end();
Grammar<decltype(it)> grammar;
my_struct result;
if (!qi::parse(it, end, grammar, result)) {
std::cerr << "Failed to parse! ";
if (line) { std::cerr << "line = " << line; }
std::cerr << "\n";
std::cerr << "Stopped at:\n" << input << "\n";
for (auto temp = input.begin(); temp != it; ++temp) { std::cerr << " "; }
std::cerr << "^\n";
} else {
check_eq(result, expected, line);
}
}
int main() {
test_grammar<grammar1> ( "a: x b: y c: z d: w", my_struct{ "x", "y", "z", "w" }, __LINE__);
test_grammar<grammar1> ( "a: asdf b: jkl c: foo d: bar", my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "foo", "bar" }, __LINE__ );
//test_grammar<grammar2> ( "a: asdf b: jkl c: foo d: bar", my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "foo", "bar" }, __LINE__ );
//test_grammar<grammar2> ( "a: asdf b: jkl d-no-c: bar", my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "", "bar" }, __LINE__ );
test_grammar<grammar3> ( "a: asdf b: jkl c: foo d: bar", my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "foo", "bar" }, __LINE__);
test_grammar<grammar3> ( "a: asdf b: jkl d-no-c: bar", my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "", "bar" }, __LINE__ );
// Test 4th grammar
{
std::string input = "a: asdf b: jkl c: foo d: bar";
auto it = input.begin();
auto end = input.end();
grammar4<decltype(it)> grammar;
my_struct2 result;
if (!qi::parse(it, end, grammar, result)) {
std::cerr << "Failed to parse! Line = " << __LINE__ << std::endl;
} else {
check_eq(convert_struct(std::move(result)), my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "foo", "bar" }, __LINE__);
}
}
{
std::string input = "a: asdf b: jkl d-no-c: bar";
auto it = input.begin();
auto end = input.end();
grammar4<decltype(it)> grammar;
my_struct2 result;
if (!qi::parse(it, end, grammar, result)) {
std::cerr << "Failed to parse! Line = " << __LINE__ << std::endl;
} else {
check_eq(convert_struct(std::move(result)), my_struct{ "asdf", "jkl", "", "bar" }, __LINE__);
}
}
}
最佳答案 我在这里建议的确是使用置换解析器.
它虽然更加灵活,但您可能希望在语义操作中添加验证约束：
//#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/tuple/tuple_comparison.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
struct my_struct {
std::string a,b,c,d;
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(my_struct, a, b, c, d)
template<typename Iterator>
class grammar : public qi::grammar<Iterator, my_struct()> {
public:
grammar() : grammar::base_type(start) {
using namespace qi;
id = +char_("A-Za-z_");
part = lexeme[lit(_r1) >> ':'] >> id;
main = part(+"a")
^ part(+"b")
^ part(+"c")
^ (part(+"d") | part(+"d-no-c"));
;
start = skip(space) [ main ];
BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES((main)(part))
}
private:
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> id;
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string(const char*), qi::space_type> part;
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct(), qi::space_type> main;
//
qi::rule<Iterator, my_struct()> start;
};
/***
* Testing
*/
void check_strings_eq(const std::string & a, const std::string & b, const char * label) {
if (a != b) {
std::cerr << "Mismatch '" << label << "' \"" << a << "\" != \"" << b << "\"\n";
}
}
void check_eq(const my_struct & s, const my_struct & t) {
check_strings_eq(s.a, t.a, "a");
check_strings_eq(s.b, t.b, "b");
check_strings_eq(s.c, t.c, "c");
check_strings_eq(s.d, t.d, "d");
if (boost::tie(s.a,s.b,s.c,s.d) == boost::tie(t.a,t.b,t.c,t.d))
std::cerr << "struct data matches\n";
}
template<template<typename> class Grammar>
void test_grammar(const std::string &input, const my_struct &expected) {
auto it = input.begin();
auto end = input.end();
Grammar<decltype(it)> grammar;
my_struct result;
if (!qi::parse(it, end, grammar, result)) {
std::cerr << "Failed to parse!\n";
std::cerr << "Stopped at:\n" << input << "\n";
for (auto temp = input.begin(); temp != it; ++temp) {
std::cerr << " ";
}
std::cerr << "^\n";
} else {
check_eq(result, expected);
}
}
int main() {
for (auto&& p : std::vector<std::pair<std::string, my_struct> > {
{"a: x b: y c: z d: w", my_struct{ "x", "y", "z", "w" }},
{"a: x c: z d: w", my_struct{ "x", "" , "z", "w" }},
{"a: x c: z" , my_struct{ "x", "" , "z", "" }},
{" b: y c: z d: w", my_struct{ "" , "y", "z", "w" }},
{"b: y c: z a: x d: w", my_struct{ "x", "y", "z", "w" }},
// if you really need:
{"a: x b: y d-no-c: w", my_struct{ "x", "y", "" , "w" }},
})
{
auto const& input = p.first;
auto const& expected = p.second;
std::cout << "----\nParsing '" << input << "'\n";
test_grammar<grammar> (input, expected);
}
}
打印
----
Parsing 'a: x b: y c: z d: w'
struct data matches
----
Parsing 'a: x c: z d: w'
struct data matches
----
Parsing 'a: x c: z'
struct data matches
----
Parsing ' b: y c: z d: w'
struct data matches
----
Parsing 'b: y c: z a: x d: w'
struct data matches
----
Parsing 'a: x b: y d-no-c: w'
struct data matches
