我的代码(见下文)应该显示一个开始/停止按钮,一个用于选择可视化速度的缩放按钮和一个带有许多矩形的画布,这些矩形随时间随机改变颜色.
当我运行这段代码时,内存使用量会随着时间的推移而急剧增加(如果你运行,你需要将速度提高到10左右才能更容易看到它).在工作中(在Windows 7工作站上),我首先测试它,几分钟后基本上无法使用(它变得非常慢),而在我的Mac笔记本电脑上,虽然内存使用量稳步增加,但它能够存活一段时间.
在找到罪魁祸首后,我遇到了多个线程,包括来自Tk Toolkit的this one,可追溯到2010年,他们提到itemconfigure()在用于改变颜色时出现问题,这正是我正在做的事情.
在self.run_InfiniteT_MC()函数中注释“self.update_canvas()”函数可以解决我遇到的问题,并且似乎同意itemconfigure()更改颜色的诊断可能仍然存在问题.
请注意,我还尝试通过命令“self.canvas.delete(self.rect [i])”删除更改的矩形,然后重新创建它们,但这根本不会改变我的内存问题.
我还尝试通过“self.canvas.destroy()”来破坏整个画布,并且每次需要更新图像时从头开始重新创建所有内容但是再次无法解决我的内存问题.
有什么办法可以解决这个内存问题而不需要改变我的整个代码(这里只是它的一小部分)?
编辑:正确缩进命令self.after后,问题消失了;所以itemconfigure()命令根本没有责任,至少不是这个问题.
from tkinter import *
from numpy import *
from random import randint
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self,master):
Frame.__init__(self,master)
self.columnconfigure(0, pad = 10)
self.grid()
self.count = 0
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
"create an array of cells all initiated with the same value"
self.nx = 70
self.ny = self.nx
self.ntot = self.nx*self.ny
self.state = [0 for x in range(self.ntot)]
for x in range(self.ntot):
self.state[x] = 0 #0 is down, 1 is right, 2 is up, 3 is left ...modulo 4
"create a scale button to choose speed of dynamics"
self.ScaleSpeedVar = IntVar
self.ScaleSpeed = Scale(self, from_=1, to =20, orient = HORIZONTAL, label = "SimuSpeed", variable = self.ScaleSpeedVar, font =('Helvetica','18'))
self.ScaleSpeed.grid()
self.ScaleSpeed.set(1)
"create a button that starts/stops the dynamics"
self.do_run = False
self.startclick = True
self.buttonStartStop = Button(self, text = "Start/Stop", font =('Helvetica','18'))
self.buttonStartStop["command"] = self.start_stop_simu
self.buttonStartStop.grid()
"create a big canva to contain the simulation cells"
self.size = 500
self.canvas = Canvas(self, width=self.size, height=self.size, bg ="red")
self.canvas.grid()
self.width = 1
self.rect = [0 for x in range(self.ntot)]
for i in range(self.ntot):
self.rectsize = self.size/self.nx
self.rect[i] = self.canvas.create_rectangle((i%(self.nx))*self.rectsize, self.rectsize*(i//self.nx), (i%(self.nx))*self.rectsize+self.rectsize, self.rectsize*(i//self.nx)+self.rectsize, fill="red", tag = i, width = self.width)
def start_stop_simu(self):
if self.startclick:
self.start_simu()
self.startclick = False
else :
self.stop_simu()
self.startclick = True
def start_simu(self):
self.do_run = True
self.run_InfiniteT_MC()
def stop_simu(self):
self.do_run = False
def run_InfiniteT_MC(self):
if self.do_run:
self.simuspeed = pow(2,self.ScaleSpeed.get())
for i in range(self.simuspeed):
self.cellID = randint(0,self.ntot-1)
self.angle = 2*randint(0,1)-1
self.state[self.cellID] = (self.state[self.cellID]+self.angle)%4
self.update_canvas()
self.after(1, self.run_InfiniteT_MC)
def update_canvas(self):
for i in range(self.ntot):
if self.state[i] == 0:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.rect[i], fill = "red")
if self.state[i] == 2:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.rect[i], fill = "blue")
if self.state[i] == 1:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.rect[i], fill = "green")
if self.state[i] == 3:
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.rect[i], fill = "yellow")
self.canvas.update_idletasks()
root = Tk()
root.title("Problematic code")
root.geometry("800x600")
app = Application(root)
root.mainloop()
最佳答案 我认为问题在于对自我的呼唤.每次开始模拟时,都会创建一个新的无限循环(永远不会停止).用self.afterso缩进它在if语句中的行应该解决你的问题,因为当self.do_run变为False时这样的循环将被终止.