php – 如何在Laravel 5中创建表迁移

2023年4月18日 188次阅读

我正在开发一个项目,我被分配了一个任务来为应用程序创建用户管理.但我坚持表关系和他们的迁移.

功夫

我有这些表：

>用户

> user_id
>用户名
>密码

>个人资料

> profile_id
> user_id
>名字
>姓氏
>电子邮件

>地址

> address_id
> profile_id
>地址
>城市
>国家
>国家
> pincode

>配置

> config_id
> configuration_name
> configuration_type
> parent_id

现在我必须为相同的上述结构创建模型和迁移.为此,我在模型和迁移类下创建/修改.

型号：用户

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = [
        'username', 'password',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes excluded from the model's JSON form.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token',
    ];

    public function profile()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('Profile','user_id');
    }
}

迁移：2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('user_id');
            $table->string('username');
            $table->string('password', 60);
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('users');
    }
}

型号：简介

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Profile extends Model
{
    public function user(){
        return $this->belongsTo('User');
    }
    public function address()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('Address','address_id');
    }
}

迁移：2016_02_26_101749_create_profiles_table.php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateProfilesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('profiles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('profile_id');
            $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('user_id')->references('user_id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->string('lastname')->nullable();
            $table->string('firstname')->nullable();
            $table->string('gender')->nullable();
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('phonenumber', 20)->nullable();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('profiles');
    }
}

型号：Addess

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Address extends Model
{
    public function profile(){
        return $this->belongsTo('Profile');
    }

    public function city() {
        return $this->hasOne('Configuration', 'config_id');
    }

    public function state() {
      return $this->hasOne('Configuration', 'config_id');
    }

    public function country() {
        return $this->hasOne('Configuration', 'config_id');
    }
}

迁移：2016_02_26_102805_create_addresses_table.php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateAddressesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('addresses', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('address_id');
            $table->integer('profile_id')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('profile_id')->references('profile_id')->on('profiles')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->string('address')->nullable();
            $table->integer('city')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('city')->references('config_id')->on('configurations')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->string('pincode')->nullable();
            $table->integer('state')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('state')->references('config_id')->on('configurations')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->integer('country')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('country')->references('config_id')->on('configurations')->onDelete('cascade');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('addresses');
    }
}

型号：配置

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Configuration extends Model
{
    public function children() {
        return $this->hasMany('Configuration','parent_id');
    }
    public function parent() {
        return $this->belongsTo('Configuration','parent_id');
    }
   public function address(){
        return $this->belongsTo('Address');
    }
}

迁移：2016_02_26_104519_create_configurations_table.php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateConfigurationsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('configurations', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('config_id');
            $table->string('configuration_name');
            $table->string('configuration_type');
            $table->string('parent_id');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('configurations');
    }
}

现在,当我运行php artisan migrate时,我收到的错误是：

《php – 如何在Laravel 5中创建表迁移》

请建议我如何做到这一点.我必须使用相同的表结构,不能修改它.如果有任何进一步的更新要求或我忘记了什么,请告诉我.

最佳答案 这是因为迁移将尝试在配置之前迁移地址表,因此它不会找到您引用的外键config_id,因此您可以更改迁移文件的名称,然后迁移commad可以首先传递configurations_table migrate文件然后传递addresses_table migrate文件,所以只需更改：

2016_02_26_104519_create_configurations_table.php

至 ：

2016_02_26_102005_create_configurations_table.php
_____________^

之后,您应该运行optimize命令来重新生成优化的类加载器：

php artisan o

现在重新运行php artisan migrate命令应该解决问题.

希望这可以帮助.

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