发现项目中有众多Maven插件，而且本人对这些也不太熟悉，因此花些时间整理一下，方便以后查找与复习，转载的文章

maven-war-plugin

排除不想打进war包的jar 的配置

<plugin>  
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>  
    <version>2.1-alpha-1</version>  
    <configuration>  
        <!--  
            打包之前过滤掉不想要被打进 .war包的jar,注意：这个地方，本来路径应该是  
            WEB-INF/lib/anaalyzer-2.0.4.jar,但是经过多次试验,不能这样，
            至于咋回事儿，搞不清楚。。经多方查证均无结果  
            暂且这样吧，虽然显得很丑陋，但是总能解决问题吧  
        -->  
        <warSourceExcludes>*/lib/analyzer-2.0.4.jar</warSourceExcludes>  
        <webResources>  
            <resource>  
                <!-- 元配置文件的目录，相对于pom.xml文件的路径 -->  
                <directory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF</directory>  
                <!-- 是否过滤文件，也就是是否启动auto-config的功能 -->  
                <filtering>true</filtering>  
                <!-- 目标路径 -->  
                <targetPath>WEB-INF</targetPath>  
            </resource>  
        </webResources>  
    </configuration>  
</plugin>  

另一种配置方法

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
    <configuration>
        <warName>${project.artifactId}</warName>
        <warSourceExcludes>nodejs/**</warSourceExcludes>
        <webResources>
            <resource>
        <!--src/main/profile的目录结构与打包后war的目录结构一致-->
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <directory>src/main/profile</directory>
        <!--targetPath即要替换的目录，include为要替换的文件-->
                <targetPath>WEB-INF</targetPath>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/web.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
                <directory>src/main/profile/pages</directory>
                <targetPath>pages</targetPath>
                <includes>
                    <include>**</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </webResources>
    <!--上面的代码会将src/main/profile替换WEB-INF下的web.xml，已经pages下的文件-->
        <warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
        <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-compiler-plugin

设置JDK的编译级别,在之前的课件中有说过三种方式

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.7</source>
        <target>1.7</target>
        <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-surefire-plugin

打包时候跳过测试

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <skip>true</skip>
        <includes>
            <include>**/*Test*.java</include>
        </includes>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-source-plugin与maven-javadoc-plugin

<!-- 生成javadoc文档包的插件 -->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.10.2</version>
    <configuration>
        <aggregate>true</aggregate>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>attach-javadocs</id>
            <goals>
                <goal>jar</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>
<!-- 生成sources源码包的插件 -->
<plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
    <configuration>
        <attach>true</attach>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

复制资源到制定目录 — 这个超级好用

<!-- 配置文件  -->
<resources>
    <!--将配置文件加入到jar包的跟路径下[默认不会加入配置文件，需手动配置]-->
    <resource>
        <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
        <includes>
            <include>**/*.xml</include>
            <include>**/*.properties</include>
        </includes>
    </resource>
    <resource>
        <!--将Spring配置文件加入到META-INF/spring路径下,供Dubbo的Main使用-->
        <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
        <includes>
            <include>spring-context.xml</include>
        </includes>
    </resource>
</resources>

maven-dependency-plugin

<!--将Maven以来的Jar包复制到一个lib文件夹下，供jar包启动时候实用-->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <type>jar</type>
                <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>
                <outputDirectory>
                    ${project.build.directory}/lib
                </outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

maven-jar-plugin

<!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>
                <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->
                <!--自动加载META-INF/spring目录下的所有Spring配置-->
                <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
            </manifest>
            <manifestEntries>
                <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
            </manifestEntries>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

profile+filter配置多个环境

<properties>
    <env>dev</env>
</properties>
<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>dev</id>
        <properties>
            <env>dev</env>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>test</id>
        <properties>
            <env>test</env>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>production</id>
        <properties>
            <env>production</env>
        </properties>
    </profile>
</profiles>

<build>
    <finalName>war_plugin</finalName>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
    <filters>
        <filter>src/main/filter/${env}/db.properties</filter>
    </filters>
</build>

filter根据不同的profile加载相应的properties文件，因此可以在不同的profile下加载不同的配置文件。
src/main/resource/下的db.properties
username=${username}

src/main/filter/dev/下的db.properties
username=root123

src/main/filter/production/下的db.properties

默认的打包，用的是dev的配置，如果想用production的配置
package -P production
即可加载正式环境的配置