在这篇教程中，我们将用少量的例子向你展示java8中的Streams filter(), collect(), findAny() and orElse().

• Streams filter() 和 collect()

  • Java 8之前, 过滤一个集合是这样的 :

    BeforeJava8.java
    package com.ricky.java8;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class BeforeJava8 {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
    
            List<String> lines = Arrays.asList("spring", "node", "ricky");
            List<String> result = getFilterOutput(lines, "ricky");
            for (String temp : result) {
                System.out.println(temp);    //output : spring, node
            }
    
        }
    
        private static List<String> getFilterOutput(List<String> lines, String filter) {
            List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
            for (String line : lines) {
                if (!"ricky".equals(line)) { // we dont like ricky
                    result.add(line);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    
    }

  • 输出

    spring
    node

  • 1.2 java8中等价的例子，使用stream.filter()去过滤集合，使用collect()将stream转化为一个集合。

  NowJava8.java
  package com.ricky.java8;
  
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.stream.Collectors;
  
  public class NowJava8 {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          List<String> lines = Arrays.asList("spring", "node", "ricky");
  
          List<String> result = lines.stream()                // convert list to stream
                  .filter(line -> !"ricky".equals(line))     // we dont like ricky
                  .collect(Collectors.toList());              // collect the output and convert streams to a List
  
          result.forEach(System.out::println);                //output : spring, node
  
      }
  
  }

  -输出

  spring
  node

• Streams filter(), findAny() and orElse()

Person.java
package com.ricky.java8;

public class Person {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    //gettersm setters, toString
}

• Java 8之前, 你获取Person的name是这样的 :

 BeforeJava8.java
        package com.ricky.java8;

        import java.util.Arrays;
        import java.util.List;

        public class BeforeJava8 {

            public static void main(String[] args) {

                List<Person> persons = Arrays.asList(
                        new Person("ricky", 30),
                        new Person("jack", 20),
                        new Person("lawrence", 40)
                );

                Person result = getStudentByName(persons, "jack");
                System.out.println(result);

            }

            private static Person getStudentByName(List<Person> persons, String name) {

                Person result = null;
                for (Person temp : persons) {
                    if (name.equals(temp.getName())) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }
                return result;
            }
        }

输出

```java
Person{name='jack', age=20}

```

• 等价的java8列子，使用stream.filter()过滤集合， .findAny().orElse (null)返回一个符合条件的对象。

  NowJava8.java
      package com.ricky.java8;
  
      import java.util.Arrays;
      import java.util.List;
  
      public class NowJava8 {
  
          public static void main(String[] args) {
  
              List<Person> persons = Arrays.asList(
                      new Person("ricky", 30),
                      new Person("jack", 20),
                      new Person("lawrence", 40)
              );
  
              Person result1 = persons.stream()                        // Convert to steam
                      .filter(x -> "jack".equals(x.getName()))        // we want "jack" only
                      .findAny()                                      // If 'findAny' then return found
                      .orElse(null);                                  // If not found, return null
  
              System.out.println(result1);
  
              Person result2 = persons.stream()
                      .filter(x -> "ahmook".equals(x.getName()))
                      .findAny()
                      .orElse(null);
  
              System.out.println(result2);
  
          }
  
      }
  

  输出

  Person{name='jack', age=20}
      null

  • 多种条件
    

    NowJava8.java
        package com.ricky.java8;
    
        import java.util.Arrays;
        import java.util.List;
    
        public class NowJava8 {
    
            public static void main(String[] args) {
    
                List<Person> persons = Arrays.asList(
                        new Person("ricky", 30),
                        new Person("jack", 20),
                        new Person("lawrence", 40)
                );
    
                Person result1 = persons.stream()
                        .filter((p) -> "jack".equals(p.getName()) && 20 == p.getAge())
                        .findAny()
                        .orElse(null);
    
                System.out.println("result 1 :" + result1);
    
                //or like this
                Person result2 = persons.stream()
                        .filter(p -> {
                            if ("jack".equals(p.getName()) && 20 == p.getAge()) {
                                return true;
                            }
                            return false;
                        }).findAny()
                        .orElse(null);
    
                System.out.println("result 2 :" + result2);
    
            }
    
    
        }

• 输出

  result 1 :Person{name='jack', age=20}
      result 2 :Person{name='jack', age=20}

  • Streams filter() and map()

NowJava8.java
package com.ricky.java8;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class NowJava8 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Person> persons = Arrays.asList(
                new Person("ricky", 30),
                new Person("jack", 20),
                new Person("lawrence", 40)
        );

        String name = persons.stream()
                .filter(x -> "jack".equals(x.getName()))
                .map(Person::getName)                        //convert stream to String
                .findAny()
                .orElse("");

        System.out.println("name : " + name);

        List<String> collect = persons.stream()
                .map(Person::getName)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        collect.forEach(System.out::println);

    }

}

• 输出

  name : jack
  
  ricky
  jack
  lawrence

翻译

ricky 20170728

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