Zookeeper简单使用

zookeeper命令行操作

  • 运行 zkCli.sh –server <ip>进入命令行工具
  • 使用 ls 命令来查看当前 ZooKeeper 中所包含的内容:
    • ls /
  • 创建一个新的 znode ,使用 create /zk myData 。这个命令创建了一个新的 znode 节点“ zk ”以及与它关联的字符串:
    • create /zk "myData"
  • 我们运行 get 命令来确认 znode 是否包含我们所创建的字符串:
    • get /zk
  • 监听这个节点的变化,当另外一个客户端改变/zk时,它会打出下面的
    • get /zk watch

WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/zk

  • 下面我们通过 set 命令来对 zk 所关联的字符串进行设置:
    • set /zk "zsl"
  • 下面我们将刚才创建的 znode 删除:
    • delete /zk
  • 删除节点:
    • rmr /zk

zookeeper-api应用

功能描述
create在本地目录树中创建一个节点
delete删除一个节点
exists测试本地是否存在目标节点
get/set data从目标节点上读取 / 写数据
get/set ACL获取 / 设置目标节点访问控制列表信息
get children检索一个子节点上的列表
sync等待要被传送的数据

demo代码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class SimpleZkClient {

    private static final String connectString = "192.168.127.61:2181,192.168.127.62:2181,192.168.127.63:2181";
    private static final int sessionTimeout = 2000;

    ZooKeeper zkClient = null;

    @Before
    public void init() throws Exception {
        zkClient = new ZooKeeper(connectString, sessionTimeout, new Watcher() {
            @Override
            public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
                // 收到事件通知后的回调函数(应该是我们自己的事件处理逻辑)
                System.out.println(event.getType() + "---" + event.getPath());
                try {
                    zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }
        });

    }

    /**
     * 数据的增删改查
     * 
     * @throws InterruptedException
     * @throws KeeperException
     */

    // 创建数据节点到zk中
    public void testCreate() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        // 参数1:要创建的节点的路径 参数2:节点大数据 参数3:节点的权限 参数4:节点的类型
        String nodeCreated = zkClient.create("/eclipse", "hellozk".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
        //上传的数据可以是任何类型,但都要转成byte[]
    }

    //判断znode是否存在
    @Test   
    public void testExist() throws Exception{
        Stat stat = zkClient.exists("/eclipse", false);
        System.out.println(stat==null?"not exist":"exist");
        
        
    }
    
    // 获取子节点
    @Test
    public void getChildren() throws Exception {
        List<String> children = zkClient.getChildren("/", true);
        for (String child : children) {
            System.out.println(child);
        }
        Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }

    //获取znode的数据
    @Test
    public void getData() throws Exception {
        
        byte[] data = zkClient.getData("/eclipse", false, null);
        System.out.println(new String(data));
        
    }
    
    //删除znode
    @Test
    public void deleteZnode() throws Exception {
        
        //参数2:指定要删除的版本,-1表示删除所有版本
        zkClient.delete("/eclipse", -1);
        
        
    }
    //删除znode
    @Test
    public void setData() throws Exception {
        
        zkClient.setData("/app1", "imissyou angelababy".getBytes(), -1);
        
        byte[] data = zkClient.getData("/app1", false, null);
        System.out.println(new String(data));
        
    }
    
    
}

Zookeeper的监听器工作机制

  • 监听器是一个接口,我们的代码中可以实现Wather这个接口,实现其中的process方法,方法中即我们自己的业务逻辑
  • 监听器的注册是在获取数据的操作中实现:
    • getData(path,watch?)监听的事件是:节点数据变化事件
    • getChildren(path,watch?)监听的事件是:节点下的子节点增减变化事件

分布式共享锁的简单实现

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher.Event.EventType;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;

public class DistributedClientLock {
    

    // 会话超时
    private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 2000;
    // zookeeper集群地址
    private String hosts = "mini1:2181,mini2:2181,mini3:2181";
    private String groupNode = "locks";
    private String subNode = "sub";
    private boolean haveLock = false;

    private ZooKeeper zk;
    // 记录自己创建的子节点路径
    private volatile String thisPath;

    /**
     * 连接zookeeper
     */
    public void connectZookeeper() throws Exception {
        zk = new ZooKeeper(hosts, SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() {
            public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
                try {

                    // 判断事件类型,此处只处理子节点变化事件
                    if (event.getType() == EventType.NodeChildrenChanged && event.getPath().equals("/" + groupNode)) {
                        //获取子节点,并对父节点进行监听
                        List<String> childrenNodes = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, true);
                        String thisNode = thisPath.substring(("/" + groupNode + "/").length());
                        // 去比较是否自己是最小id
                        Collections.sort(childrenNodes);
                        if (childrenNodes.indexOf(thisNode) == 0) {
                            //访问共享资源处理业务,并且在处理完成之后删除锁
                            doSomething();
                            
                            //重新注册一把新的锁
                            thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
                                    CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
                        }
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        // 1、程序一进来就先注册一把锁到zk上
        thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
                CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);

        // wait一小会,便于观察
        Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(1000));

        // 从zk的锁父目录下,获取所有子节点,并且注册对父节点的监听
        List<String> childrenNodes = zk.getChildren("/" + groupNode, true);

        //如果争抢资源的程序就只有自己,则可以直接去访问共享资源 
        if (childrenNodes.size() == 1) {
            doSomething();
            thisPath = zk.create("/" + groupNode + "/" + subNode, null, Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,
                    CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 处理业务逻辑,并且在最后释放锁
     */
    private void doSomething() throws Exception {
        try {
            System.out.println("gain lock: " + thisPath);
            Thread.sleep(2000);
            // do something
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finished: " + thisPath);
            //释放锁
            zk.delete(this.thisPath, -1);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DistributedClientLock dl = new DistributedClientLock();
        dl.connectZookeeper();
        Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }
}
    原文作者:花丶小伟
    原文地址: https://www.jianshu.com/p/430c5140c435
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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