使用mongo第一步就是安装，安装之后则是帮助。
官网
当然，最权威的还是官网
官方wiki
安装
- 官网安装方式
- 安装之后可以将mongodb的bin目录增加到PATH目录中
- 例如mac：只需要
brew install mongodb,
然后将/usr/local/Cellar/mongodb/3.4.2/bin加入到path中即可
启动
- 创建目录
demo：
/chimps/web_back/mongodb ll
drwxr-xr-x 3 chimp wheel 102 3 21 14:01 conf
drwxr-xr-x 20 chimp wheel 680 3 21 14:32 data
drwxr-xr-x 4 chimp wheel 136 3 21 14:07 log
- 增加conf文件
此时没有增加用户认证，生产环境肯定要加的
/chimps/web_back/mongodb cat conf/mongod.conf
port = 12345
dbpath = data
logpath = log/mongod.log
fork = true
- 运行
mongod -f /conf/mongod.conf
之前将/usr/local/Cellar/mongodb/3.4.2/bin加入到PATH中，mongod可执行文件就在此目录下 - 日志存放在
log/mongod.log中
/chimps/web_back/mongodb tail -f log/mongod.log
2017-03-21T14:07:03.850+0800 I - [initandlisten] Detected data files in /chimps/web_back/mongodb/data created by the 'wiredTiger' storage engine, so setting the active storage engine to 'wiredTiger'.
... ...
连接
mongo -h
~ mongo -h
MongoDB shell version v3.4.2
usage: mongo [options] [db address] [file names (ending in .js)] # 格式
db address can be:
foo foo database on local machine
192.168.0.5/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine
192.168.0.5:9999/foo foo database on 192.168.0.5 machine on port 9999
Options:
--shell run the shell after executing files
--nodb don't connect to mongod on startup - no
'db address' arg expected
--norc will not run the ".mongorc.js" file on
start up
--quiet be less chatty
--port arg port to connect to
--host arg server to connect to
--eval arg evaluate javascript
-h [ --help ] show this usage information
--version show version information
--verbose increase verbosity
--ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)
--disableJavaScriptJIT disable the Javascript Just In Time
compiler
--disableJavaScriptProtection allow automatic JavaScript function
marshalling
--ssl use SSL for all connections
--sslCAFile arg Certificate Authority file for SSL
--sslPEMKeyFile arg PEM certificate/key file for SSL
--sslPEMKeyPassword arg password for key in PEM file for SSL
--sslCRLFile arg Certificate Revocation List file for SSL
--sslAllowInvalidHostnames allow connections to servers with
non-matching hostnames
--sslAllowInvalidCertificates allow connections to servers with invalid
certificates
--sslFIPSMode activate FIPS 140-2 mode at startup
--networkMessageCompressors arg Comma-separated list of compressors to
use for network messages
--jsHeapLimitMB arg set the js scope's heap size limit
Authentication Options:
-u [ --username ] arg username for authentication
-p [ --password ] arg password for authentication
--authenticationDatabase arg user source (defaults to dbname)
--authenticationMechanism arg authentication mechanism
--gssapiServiceName arg (=mongodb) Service name to use when authenticating
using GSSAPI/Kerberos
--gssapiHostName arg Remote host name to use for purpose of
GSSAPI/Kerberos authentication
file names: a list of files to run. files have to end in .js and will exit after unless --shell is specified
- 只需要：
mongo localhost:12345
数据库操作
db.help()
> db.help()
DB methods:
db.adminCommand(nameOrDocument) - switches to 'admin' db, and runs command [ just calls db.runCommand(...) ]
db.auth(username, password)
db.cloneDatabase(fromhost)
db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command
db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)
db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )
db.createView(name, viewOn, [ { $operator: {...}}, ... ], { viewOptions } )
db.createUser(userDocument)
db.currentOp() displays currently executing operations in the db
db.dropDatabase()
db.eval() - deprecated
db.fsyncLock() flush data to disk and lock server for backups
db.fsyncUnlock() unlocks server following a db.fsyncLock()
db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname
db.getCollectionInfos([filter]) - returns a list that contains the names and options of the db's collections
db.getCollectionNames()
db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string
db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object
db.getLogComponents()
db.getMongo() get the server connection object
db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow queries on a replication slave server
db.getName()
db.getPrevError()
db.getProfilingLevel() - deprecated
db.getProfilingStatus() - returns if profiling is on and slow threshold
db.getReplicationInfo()
db.getSiblingDB(name) get the db at the same server as this one
db.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this db, inherited from server object if set
db.hostInfo() get details about the server's host
db.isMaster() check replica primary status
db.killOp(opid) kills the current operation in the db
db.listCommands() lists all the db commands
db.loadServerScripts() loads all the scripts in db.system.js
db.logout()
db.printCollectionStats()
db.printReplicationInfo()
db.printShardingStatus()
db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
db.dropUser(username)
db.repairDatabase()
db.resetError()
db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command. if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }
db.serverStatus()
db.setLogLevel(level,<component>)
db.setProfilingLevel(level,<slowms>) 0=off 1=slow 2=all
db.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the db
db.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the db
db.setVerboseShell(flag) display extra information in shell output
db.shutdownServer()
db.stats()
db.version() current version of the server
- collection 相关操作
假设我有个user 字段
> db.user.help()
DBCollection help
db.user.find().help() - show DBCursor help
db.user.bulkWrite( operations, <optional params> ) - bulk execute write operations, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.user.count( query = {}, <optional params> ) - count the number of documents that matches the query, optional parameters are: limit, skip, hint, maxTimeMS
db.user.copyTo(newColl) - duplicates collection by copying all documents to newColl; no indexes are copied.
db.user.convertToCapped(maxBytes) - calls {convertToCapped:'user', size:maxBytes}} command
db.user.createIndex(keypattern[,options])
db.user.createIndexes([keypatterns], <options>)
db.user.dataSize()
db.user.deleteOne( filter, <optional params> ) - delete first matching document, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.user.deleteMany( filter, <optional params> ) - delete all matching documents, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.user.distinct( key, query, <optional params> ) - e.g. db.user.distinct( 'x' ), optional parameters are: maxTimeMS
db.user.drop() drop the collection
db.user.dropIndex(index) - e.g. db.user.dropIndex( "indexName" ) or db.user.dropIndex( { "indexKey" : 1 } )
db.user.dropIndexes()
db.user.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - DEPRECATED, use createIndex() instead
db.user.explain().help() - show explain help
db.user.reIndex()
db.user.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return.
db.user.find(...).count()
db.user.find(...).limit(n)
db.user.find(...).skip(n)
db.user.find(...).sort(...)
db.user.findOne([query], [fields], [options], [readConcern])
db.user.findOneAndDelete( filter, <optional params> ) - delete first matching document, optional parameters are: projection, sort, maxTimeMS
db.user.findOneAndReplace( filter, replacement, <optional params> ) - replace first matching document, optional parameters are: projection, sort, maxTimeMS, upsert, returnNewDocument
db.user.findOneAndUpdate( filter, update, <optional params> ) - update first matching document, optional parameters are: projection, sort, maxTimeMS, upsert, returnNewDocument
db.user.getDB() get DB object associated with collection
db.user.getPlanCache() get query plan cache associated with collection
db.user.getIndexes()
db.user.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } )
db.user.insert(obj)
db.user.insertOne( obj, <optional params> ) - insert a document, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.user.insertMany( [objects], <optional params> ) - insert multiple documents, optional parameters are: w, wtimeout, j
db.user.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )
db.user.aggregate( [pipeline], <optional params> ) - performs an aggregation on a collection; returns a cursor
db.user.remove(query)
db.user.replaceOne( filter, replacement, <optional params> ) - replace the first matching document, optional parameters are: upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.user.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection.
db.user.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name
db.user.save(obj)
db.user.stats({scale: N, indexDetails: true/false, indexDetailsKey: <index key>, indexDetailsName: <index name>})
db.user.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection
db.user.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes
db.user.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes
db.user.update( query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool] ) - instead of two flags, you can pass an object with fields: upsert, multi
db.user.updateOne( filter, update, <optional params> ) - update the first matching document, optional parameters are: upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.user.updateMany( filter, update, <optional params> ) - update all matching documents, optional parameters are: upsert, w, wtimeout, j
db.user.validate( <full> ) - SLOW
db.user.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding
db.user.getShardDistribution() - prints statistics about data distribution in the cluster
db.user.getSplitKeysForChunks( <maxChunkSize> ) - calculates split points over all chunks and returns splitter function
db.user.getWriteConcern() - returns the write concern used for any operations on this collection, inherited from server/db if set
db.user.setWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - sets the write concern for writes to the collection
db.user.unsetWriteConcern( <write concern doc> ) - unsets the write concern for writes to the collection
db.user.latencyStats() - display operation latency histograms for this collection
