常用 sql 语句整理:mysql

  • 增加一张表
CREATE TABLE `table_name`(
  ...
  )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

  • 增加记录
INSERT INTO `your_table_name`(`column_name`)
VALUES
('your_value_one'),
('your_value_two');

  • 增加字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD `your_column_name` ...
AFTER `column_name`;

  • 增加索引

    • 主键
    ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
    ADD PRIMARY KEY your_index_name(your_column_name);
    
    
    • 唯一索引
    ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
    ADD UNIQUE your_index_name(your_column_name);
    
    
    • 普通索引
    ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
    ADD INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);
    
    
    • 全文索引
    ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
    ADD FULLTEXT your_index_name(your_column_name);
    
    
  • 逐行删除
DELETE FORM `table_name`
WHERE ...;

  • 清空整张表
TRUNCATE TABLE `your_table_name`;

  • 删除表
DROP TABLE `your_table_name`;

  • 删除字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
DROP `column_name`;

  • 删除索引
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
DROP INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);

  • 变更数据
UPDATE `table_name`
SET column_name=your_value
WHERE ...;

  • 变更字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
CHANGE `your_column_name` `your_column_name` ...(变更);

  • 变更字段值为另一张表的某个值
UPDATE `your_table_name`
AS a
JOIN `your_anther_table_name`
AS b
SET a.column = b.anther_column
WHERE a.id = b.a_id...;

  • 普通查询
SELECT `column_name_one`, `column_name_two`
FROM `table_name`;

  • 关联查询
SELECT *
FROM `your_table_name`
AS a
JOIN `your_anther_table_name`
AS b
WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;

  • 合计函数条件查询:WHERE 关键字无法与合计函数一起使用
SELECT aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM your_table_name
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name)...;

  • 同一个实例下跨库查询
SELECT *
FROM database_name.your_table_name
AS a
JOIN another_database_name.your_another_table_name
AS b
WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;

  1. 复制一张表结构
CREATE TABLE `your_table_name`
LIKE `destination_table_name`;

  1. 完全复制一张表:表结构 + 全部数据
CREATE TABLE `your_table_name`
LIKE `destination_table_name`;

INSERT INTO `your_table_name`
SELECT *
FROM `destination_table_name`;

附录:mysql 常用命令

  • 登陆: mysql -h host -u username -p

  • 列出数据库:SHOW DATABESES;

  • 列出表: SHOW TABLES;

  • 列出表结构: DESC table_name

  • 使用一个数据库:USE database_name;

  • 导入:source ‘file’;

  • 导出:mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p “database_name” “table_name” –where=”condition” > file_name.sql;

  • 查看慢日志:mysqldumpslow -s [c: 按记录次数排序 / t: 时间 / l: 锁定时间 / r: 返回的记录数] -t [n: 前 n 条数据] -g “正则” /path

  • 新增用户: insert into

    user(Host,

    User,

    authentication_string) value(‘localhost’, ‘username’, password(‘pwd’))

mysql 5.7 新增用户

// 插入新用户
insert into mysql.user(Host, User, authentication_string, ssl_cipher, x509_issuer, x509_subject
value('localhost', 'username', password('password'), '', '', '');

// 数据库授权
grant all privileges on dbname.name.* to username@localhost identified by 'password';

// 刷新权限信息
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

原文:https://github.com/TIGERB/easy-tips/blob/master/mysql/sql.md

    原文作者:琯琯
    原文地址: https://www.jianshu.com/p/1d3f97983fe0
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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