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核心源码就在sharding-jdbc-core
模块的com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.rewrite
目录下,包含两个文件SQLBuilder和SQLRewriteEngine;测试用例入口为SQLRewriteEngineTest,下面从SQLRewriteEngineTest中debug源码分析sharding-jdbc的重写是如何实现的:
SQLRewriteEngineTest中某个测试用例如下–主要包括表名,offset,limit(rowCount)的重写:
@Test
public void assertRewriteForLimit() {
selectStatement.setLimit(new Limit(true));
// offset的值就是limit offset,rowCount中offset的值
selectStatement.getLimit().setOffset(new LimitValue(2, -1));
// rowCount的值就是limit offset,rowCount中rowCount的值
selectStatement.getLimit().setRowCount(new LimitValue(2, -1));
// TableToken的值表示表名table_x在原始SQL语句的偏移量是17的位置
selectStatement.getSqlTokens().add(new TableToken(17, "table_x"));
// OffsetToken的值表示offset在原始SQL语句的偏移量是33的位置(2就是offset的值)
selectStatement.getSqlTokens().add(new OffsetToken(33, 2));
// RowCountToken的值表示rowCount在原始SQL语句的偏移量是36的位置(2就是rowCount的值)
selectStatement.getSqlTokens().add(new RowCountToken(36, 2));
// selectStatement值模拟过程,实际上是SQL解释过程(SQL解释会单独分析)
SQLRewriteEngine rewriteEngine = new SQLRewriteEngine(shardingRule, "SELECT x.id FROM table_x x LIMIT 2, 2", selectStatement);
// 重写的核心就是这里了:rewriteEngine.rewrite(true)
assertThat(rewriteEngine.rewrite(true).toSQL(tableTokens), is("SELECT x.id FROM table_1 x LIMIT 0, 4"));
}
重写方法核心源码:
从这段源码可知,sql重写主要包括对表名,limit offset, rowNum以及order by的重写(ItemsToken值对select col1, col2 from… 即查询结果列的重写–指那些由于ordre by或者group by需要增加的结果列);
public SQLBuilder rewrite(final boolean isRewriteLimit) {
SQLBuilder result = new SQLBuilder();
if (sqlTokens.isEmpty()) {
result.appendLiterals(originalSQL);
return result;
}
int count = 0;
// 根据Token的beginPosition即出现的位置排序
sortByBeginPosition();
for (SQLToken each : sqlTokens) {
if (0 == count) {
// 第一次处理:截取从原生SQL的开始位置到第一个token起始位置之间的内容,例如"SELECT x.id FROM table_x x LIMIT 2, 2"这条SQL的第一个token是TableToken,即table_x所在位置,所以截取内容为"SELECT x.id FROM "
result.appendLiterals(originalSQL.substring(0, each.getBeginPosition()));
}
if (each instanceof TableToken) {
// 看后面的"表名重写分析"
appendTableToken(result, (TableToken) each, count, sqlTokens);
} else if (each instanceof ItemsToken) {
// ItemsToken是指当逻辑SQL有order by,group by这样的特殊条件时,需要在select的结果列中增加一些结果列,例如执行逻辑SQL:"SELECT o.* FROM t_order o where o.user_id=? order by o.order_id desc limit 2,3",那么还需要增加结果列o.order_id AS ORDER_BY_DERIVED_0
appendItemsToken(result, (ItemsToken) each, count, sqlTokens);
} else if (each instanceof RowCountToken) {
// 看后面的"rowCount重写分析"
appendLimitRowCount(result, (RowCountToken) each, count, sqlTokens, isRewriteLimit);
} else if (each instanceof OffsetToken) {
// 看后面的"offset重写分析"
appendLimitOffsetToken(result, (OffsetToken) each, count, sqlTokens, isRewriteLimit);
} else if (each instanceof OrderByToken) {
appendOrderByToken(result, count, sqlTokens);
}
count++;
}
return result;
}
private void sortByBeginPosition() {
Collections.sort(sqlTokens, new Comparator<SQLToken>() {
// 升序排列
@Override
public int compare(final SQLToken o1, final SQLToken o2) {
return o1.getBeginPosition() - o2.getBeginPosition();
}
});
}
表名重写分析
private void appendTableToken(final SQLBuilder sqlBuilder, final TableToken tableToken, final int count, final List<SQLToken> sqlTokens) {
String tableName = sqlStatement.getTables().getTableNames().contains(tableToken.getTableName()) ? tableToken.getTableName() : tableToken.getOriginalLiterals();
// append表名特殊处理
sqlBuilder.appendTable(tableName);
int beginPosition = tableToken.getBeginPosition() + tableToken.getOriginalLiterals().length();
appendRest(sqlBuilder, count, sqlTokens, beginPosition);
}
// append表名特殊处理,把TableToken也要添加到SQLBuilder中(List<Object> segments)
public void appendTable(final String tableName) {
segments.add(new TableToken(tableName));
currentSegment = new StringBuilder();
segments.add(currentSegment);
}
offset重写分析
private void appendLimitOffsetToken(final SQLBuilder sqlBuilder, final OffsetToken offsetToken, final int count, final List<SQLToken> sqlTokens, final boolean isRewrite) {
// offset的重写比较简单:如果要重写,则offset置为0,否则保留offset的值;
sqlBuilder.appendLiterals(isRewrite ? "0" : String.valueOf(offsetToken.getOffset()));
int beginPosition = offsetToken.getBeginPosition() + String.valueOf(offsetToken.getOffset()).length();
appendRest(sqlBuilder, count, sqlTokens, beginPosition);
}
rowCount重写分析
private void appendLimitRowCount(final SQLBuilder sqlBuilder, final RowCountToken rowCountToken, final int count, final List<SQLToken> sqlTokens, final boolean isRewrite) {
SelectStatement selectStatement = (SelectStatement) sqlStatement;
Limit limit = selectStatement.getLimit();
if (!isRewrite) {
// 如果不需要重写sql中的limit的话(例如select * from t limit 10),那么,直接append rowCount的值即可;
sqlBuilder.appendLiterals(String.valueOf(rowCountToken.getRowCount()));
} else if ((!selectStatement.getGroupByItems().isEmpty() || !selectStatement.getAggregationSelectItems().isEmpty()) && !selectStatement.isSameGroupByAndOrderByItems()) {
// 如果要重写sql中的limit的话,且sql中有group by或者有group by & order by,例如""SELECT o.* FROM t_order o where o.user_id=? group by o.order_id order by o.order_id desc limit 2,3"需要",那么重写为Integer.MAX_VALUE,原因在下文分析,请点击连接:
sqlBuilder.appendLiterals(String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
} else {
// 否则只需要将limit offset,rowCount重写为limit 0, offset+rowCount即可;
sqlBuilder.appendLiterals(String.valueOf(limit.isRowCountRewriteFlag() ? rowCountToken.getRowCount() + limit.getOffsetValue() : rowCountToken.getRowCount()));
}
int beginPosition = rowCountToken.getBeginPosition() + String.valueOf(rowCountToken.getRowCount()).length();
appendRest(sqlBuilder, count, sqlTokens, beginPosition);
}
appendRest分析
private void appendRest(final SQLBuilder sqlBuilder, final int count, final List<SQLToken> sqlTokens, final int beginPosition) {
// 如果SQL解析后只有一个token,那么结束位置(endPosition)就是sql末尾;否则结束位置就是到下一个token的起始位置
int endPosition = sqlTokens.size() - 1 == count ? originalSQL.length() : sqlTokens.get(count + 1).getBeginPosition();
sqlBuilder.appendLiterals(originalSQL.substring(beginPosition, endPosition));
}
所有重写最后都会调用appendRest(),即附加上余下部分内容,这个余下部分内容是指从当前处理的token到下一个token之间的内容,例如SQL为
SELECT x.id FROM table_x x LIMIT 5, 10
,当遍历到table_x
,即处理完TableToken后,由于下一个token为OffsetToken,即5,所以appendRest就是append这一段内容:” x LIMIT “–从table_x到5之间的内容;
SQLBuilder.toString()分析
重写完后,调用SQLBuilder的toString()方法生成重写后最终的SQL语句;
public String toSQL(final Map<String, String> tableTokens) {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (Object each : segments) {
// 如果是TableToken,并且是分库分表相关表,那么append最终的实际表名,例如t_order的实际表名可能是t_order_1
if (each instanceof TableToken && tableTokens.containsKey(((TableToken) each).tableName)) {
result.append(tableTokens.get(((TableToken) each).tableName));
} else {
result.append(each);
}
}
return result.toString();
}