1.引子

今天闲逛知名前端资讯站Front-End Front，发现一个比较有意思的效果，给大家分享下，希望可以对大家有所启发。

纯CSS实现表格排序

心急的同学，先看效果，我放在codepen上。

codepen上预览、编辑效果

本案例用到了以下知识点：

• CSS变量
• Flexbox布局
• grid布局（非必须，可以替代）

因此，本案例只在现代浏览器中运行良好。

2.核心原理

我们利用Flexbox的方式打破表格布局，让表格做Flex容器(container)，每一行做Flex子项(item)，然后利用CSS变量的方式设置order。

.table-body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.table-row {
  order: calc(var(--order) * var(--sort-order, -1));
}

另外，为了实现纯CSS，我们用到了input的:checked伪类模拟实现单击。

#sort-by-published:checked ~ .table > .table-body > .table-row {
  --order: var(--order-by-published);
}

#sort-by-views:checked ~ .table > .table-body > .table-row {
  --order: var(--order-by-views);
}

#sort-ascending:checked + .table {
  --sort-order: 1;
}

3.实现步骤

3.1 HTML

为了实现单击，我们使用input+label的方式调用:checked伪类。首先，我们需要两组input。

  <!--  :checked实现单击，这些input不在网页中显示  -->
  <!--  name为sort的input，用来控制排序字段  -->
  <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-name">
  <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-published" checked="checked">
  <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-views">
  <!--  name为sort-order的input，用来控制排序方式，升序还是降序  -->
  <input type="radio" name="sort-order" id="sort-descending" checked="checked">
  <input type="radio" name="sort-order" id="sort-ascending">

然后是label。

<table class="table">
    <thead class="table-head">
      <tr class="table-row">
        <th class="table-cell">
          <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-name">文章</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending" data-filtered="filtered">↓</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
        </th>
        <th class="table-cell">
          <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-published">出版</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending">↓</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
        </th>
        <th class="table-cell">
          <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-views">浏览</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending" data-filtered="filtered">↓</label>
          <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
        </th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody class="table-body">
    </tbody>
  </table>

接下去是表格主题内容。

   <tbody class="table-body">
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 161021; --order-by-views: 10368;">
        <th class="table-cell">Conditions for CSS Variables</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2016-10-21</td>
        <td class="table-cell">10&thinsp;368</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 161221; --order-by-views: 2431;">
        <th class="table-cell">Controlling the Specificity</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2016-12-21</td>
        <td class="table-cell">2&thinsp;431</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 180104; --order-by-views: 4463;">
        <th class="table-cell">Counters and Stones</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2018-01-04</td>
        <td class="table-cell">4&thinsp;463</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 171128; --order-by-views: 6585;">
        <th class="table-cell">Flexible Overflow</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2017-11-28</td>
        <td class="table-cell">6&thinsp;585</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 170627; --order-by-views: 4597;">
        <th class="table-cell">Keyboard-Only Focus</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2017-06-27</td>
        <td class="table-cell">4&thinsp;597</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 170531; --order-by-views: 2829;">
        <th class="table-cell">Label-to-Input States</th>
        <td class="table-cell">2017-05-31</td>
        <td class="table-cell">2&thinsp;829</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>

3.2 CSS

/* 关键代码 */

.table-body {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.table-row {
  order: calc(var(--order) * var(--sort-order, -1));
}

#sort-by-published:checked ~ .table > .table-body > .table-row {
  --order: var(--order-by-published);
}

#sort-by-views:checked ~ .table > .table-body > .table-row {
  --order: var(--order-by-views);
}

#sort-ascending:checked + .table {
  --sort-order: 1;
}

/* 反向排序 */
#sort-by-name:checked ~ #sort-ascending:checked + .table > .table-body {
  flex-direction: column-reverse;
}

以及其他布局和样式方面的代码

/* 其他代码 */

.table-wrapper > input {
  position: fixed;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);
  visibility: hidden;
}

.table,
.table-caption,
.table-head {
  display: block;
  margin: 0;
}

table,td,th{
  border: 1px solid #000;
  border-collapse:collapse;
}

a{
  text-decoration: none;
  color:black;
}

.table-row {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 50% 25% 25%;
}

.table-cell {
  text-align: right;
  padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.table-cell:first-child {
  text-align: left;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.table-orderer {
  display: none;
}

.table-head .table-cell {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  user-select: none;
}

.table-head .table-cell:hover {
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.table-head .table-cell:not(:first-child) {
  flex-direction: row-reverse;
}

.table-sorter:before,
.table-orderer:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}

#sort-by-name:checked ~ .table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-name] ~ .table-orderer,
#sort-by-published:checked ~ .table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-published] ~ .table-orderer,
#sort-by-views:checked ~ .table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-views] ~ .table-orderer {
  display: inline;
}

#sort-ascending:checked + .table .table-orderer[for=sort-ascending],
#sort-ascending:not(:checked) + .table .table-orderer[for=sort-descending] {
  display: none !important;
}

3.3 整体源码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8" />
        <title>纯CSS实现表格排序-利用CSS 变量和Flexbox</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            /* 其他代码 */
            
            .table-wrapper>input {
                position: fixed;
                left: 0;
                right: 0;
                clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);
                visibility: hidden;
            }
            
            .table,
            .table-caption,
            .table-head {
                display: block;
                margin: 0;
            }
            
            table,
            td,
            th {
                border: 1px solid #000;
                border-collapse: collapse;
            }
            
            a {
                text-decoration: none;
                color: black;
            }
            
            .table-row {
                position: relative;
                display: grid;
                grid-template-columns: 50% 25% 25%;
            }
            
            .table-cell {
                text-align: right;
                padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
                white-space: nowrap;
            }
            
            .table-cell:first-child {
                text-align: left;
                overflow: hidden;
                text-overflow: ellipsis;
            }
            
            .table-orderer {
                display: none;
            }
            
            .table-head .table-cell {
                position: relative;
                display: flex;
                user-select: none;
            }
            
            .table-head .table-cell:hover {
                background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
            }
            
            .table-head .table-cell:not(:first-child) {
                flex-direction: row-reverse;
            }
            
            .table-sorter:before,
            .table-orderer:before {
                content: "";
                position: absolute;
                top: 0;
                left: 0;
                right: 0;
                bottom: 0;
                cursor: pointer;
            }
            
            #sort-by-name:checked~.table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-name]~.table-orderer,
            #sort-by-published:checked~.table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-published]~.table-orderer,
            #sort-by-views:checked~.table .table-sorter[for=sort-by-views]~.table-orderer {
                display: inline;
            }
            
            #sort-ascending:checked+.table .table-orderer[for=sort-ascending],
            #sort-ascending:not(:checked)+.table .table-orderer[for=sort-descending] {
                display: none !important;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="table-wrapper">
            <!--  :checked实现单击，这些input不在网页中显示  -->
            <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-name">
            <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-published" checked="checked">
            <input type="radio" name="sort" id="sort-by-views">
            <input type="radio" name="sort-order" id="sort-descending" checked="checked">
            <input type="radio" name="sort-order" id="sort-ascending">
            <table class="table">
                <thead class="table-head">
                    <tr class="table-row">
                        <th class="table-cell">
                            <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-name">文章</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending" data-filtered="filtered">↓</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
                        </th>
                        <th class="table-cell">
                            <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-published">出版</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending">↓</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
                        </th>
                        <th class="table-cell">
                            <label class="table-sorter" for="sort-by-views">浏览</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-ascending" data-filtered="filtered">↓</label>
                            <label class="table-orderer" for="sort-descending" data-filtered="filtered">↑</label>
                        </th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody class="table-body">
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 161021; --order-by-views: 10368;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Conditions for CSS Variables</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2016-10-21</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">10&thinsp;368</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 161221; --order-by-views: 2431;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Controlling the Specificity</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2016-12-21</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">2&thinsp;431</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 180104; --order-by-views: 4463;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Counters and Stones</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2018-01-04</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">4&thinsp;463</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 171128; --order-by-views: 6585;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Flexible Overflow</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2017-11-28</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">6&thinsp;585</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 170627; --order-by-views: 4597;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Keyboard-Only Focus</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2017-06-27</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">4&thinsp;597</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="table-row" style="--order-by-published: 170531; --order-by-views: 2829;">
                        <th class="table-cell">Label-to-Input States</th>
                        <td class="table-cell">2017-05-31</td>
                        <td class="table-cell">2&thinsp;829</td>
                    </tr>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

4.声明

爱前端，乐分享。FedFun希望与您共同进步。
欢迎任何形式的转载，烦请注明装载，保留本段文字。
独立博客http://whqet.github.io
极客头条http://geek.csdn.net/user/publishlist/whqet
CSDN博客http://blog.csdn.net/whqet/
我的简书https://www.jianshu.com/u/c11d4318b3c7