- 修改表结构
ALTER [ONLINE | OFFLINE] [IGNORE] TABLE tbl_name
alter_specification [, alter_specification] ...
alter_specification:
table_option ...
| ADD [COLUMN] col_name column_definition
[FIRST | AFTER col_name ]
| ADD [COLUMN] (col_name column_definition,...)
| ADD {INDEX|KEY} [index_name]
[index_type] (index_col_name,...) [index_option] ...
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY
[index_type] (index_col_name,...) [index_option] ...
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]]
UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY] [index_name]
[index_type] (index_col_name,...) [index_option] ...
| ADD FULLTEXT [INDEX|KEY] [index_name]
(index_col_name,...) [index_option] ...
| ADD SPATIAL [INDEX|KEY] [index_name]
(index_col_name,...) [index_option] ...
| ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]]
FOREIGN KEY [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
reference_definition
| ALTER [COLUMN] col_name {SET DEFAULT literal | DROP DEFAULT}
| CHANGE [COLUMN] old_col_name new_col_name column_definition
[FIRST|AFTER col_name]
| MODIFY [COLUMN] col_name column_definition
[FIRST | AFTER col_name]
| DROP [COLUMN] col_name
| DROP PRIMARY KEY
| DROP {INDEX|KEY} index_name
| DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_symbol
| DISABLE KEYS
| ENABLE KEYS
| RENAME [TO] new_tbl_name
| ORDER BY col_name [, col_name] ...
| CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET charset_name [COLLATE collation_name]
| [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name [COLLATE [=] collation_name]
| DISCARD TABLESPACE
| IMPORT TABLESPACE
| partition_options
| ADD PARTITION (partition_definition)
| DROP PARTITION partition_names
| COALESCE PARTITION number
| REORGANIZE PARTITION partition_names INTO (partition_definitions)
| ANALYZE PARTITION partition_names
| CHECK PARTITION partition_names
| OPTIMIZE PARTITION partition_names
| REBUILD PARTITION partition_names
| REPAIR PARTITION partition_names
| REMOVE PARTITIONING
index_col_name:
col_name [(length)] [ASC | DESC]
index_type:
USING {BTREE | HASH | RTREE}
index_option:
KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
| index_type
| WITH PARSER parser_name
| COMMENT 'string'
- 创建索引
CREATE [UNIQUE|FULLTEXT|SPATIAL] INDEX index_name
[USING index_type]
ON tbl_name (index_col_name,...)
index_col_name:
col_name [(length)] [ASC | DESC]
- 创建表
CREATE TABLE tbl_name
(
col_name data_type NOT NULL DEFAULT default_value AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'string',
...
KEY index_name index_type (index_col_name,...),
...
PRIMARY KEY(index_col_name,...),
UNIQUE KEY(index_col_name,...)
) ENGINE=engine_name CHARACTER SET=charset_name COMMENT='string'
- 参照已有表的定义,来定义新的表
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name LIKE old_tbl_name;
- 删除表的索引
DROP INDEX index_name ON tbl_name
- 删除表
DROP [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF EXISTS]
tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...
[RESTRICT | CASCADE]
- 修改表名称
RENAME TABLE tbl_name TO new_tbl_name
- 清空表数据
TRUNCATE [TABLE] tbl_name