Android GPIO 控制方案

2023年11月11日 299次阅读 来源: 爱因私谈

此方案实现Android APP控制CPU GPIO，支持设置IO方向、输出、输入、按键功能。

移植驱动与Framework gpio service

源码

API调用方法

demo

方法1 依赖Framework jar包（不推荐）

  1. 引入Android定制后的Framework jar包，out/target/common/obj/JAVA_LIBRARIES/framework_intermediates/classes.jar
    1. 将classes.jar拷贝到app/libs/目录下
    2. 修改项目根目录build.gradle，在allprojects段内增加下面代码：
    allprojects {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }

    gradle.projectsEvaluated {
        tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
            options.compilerArgs.add('-Xbootclasspath/p:app\\libs\\classes.jar')
        }
    }
}
    1. 修改app/build.gradle，如下：
    android{
    defaultConfig {
        multiDexEnabled true
    }
}

dependencies {
    compileOnly files('libs/classes.jar')
}

preBuild {
    doLast {
        def imlFile = file(project.name + ".iml")
        println('Change ' + project.name + '.iml order')
        try {
            def parsedXml = (new XmlParser()).parse(imlFile)
            def jdkNode = parsedXml.component[1].orderEntry.find { it.'@type' == 'jdk' }
            parsedXml.component[1].remove(jdkNode)
            def sdkString = "Android API " + android.compileSdkVersion.substring("android-".length()) + " Platform"
            new groovy.util.Node(parsedXml.component[1], 'orderEntry', ['type': 'jdk', 'jdkName': sdkString, 'jdkType': 'Android SDK'])
            groovy.xml.XmlUtil.serialize(parsedXml, new FileOutputStream(imlFile))
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // nop, iml not found
        }
    }
}
  2. 调用
 SystemGpio gpioService = (SystemGpio) context.getSystemService("gpio");

方法二 反射调用（==推荐==）

  1. 在APP源码src/main目录下新建aidl/android/os/这样的目录结构
  2. 在aidl/android/os/目录下新建IGpioService.aidl文件，内容如下：
package android.os;
 
/** {@hide} */
interface IGpioService
{
    int gpioWrite(int gpio, int value);
    int gpioRead(int gpio);
    int gpioDirection(int gpio, int direction, int value);
    int gpioRegKeyEvent(int gpio);
    int gpioUnregKeyEvent(int gpio);
    int gpioGetNumber();
}
  1. 反射调用
Method method = null;
try {
    method = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager").getMethod("getService", String.class);
    IBinder binder = (IBinder) method.invoke(null, new Object[]{"gpio"});
    IGpioService gpioService = IGpioService.Stub.asInterface(binder);
} catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

API使用说明

获取GPIO数量

在使用GPIO前建议先获取GPIO数量，当调用其它方法需要传入参数“gpio”时可以使用0~Number之间的值。
如：gpioGetNumber()返回7，说明一共有7个GPIO，那么传入参数可以为：0、1、2、3、4、5、6。

/**
 * Get GPIO number
 * @return <0: error other: GPIO number
 */
public int gpioGetNumber() {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        return mGpioService.gpioGetNumber();
    }
    return -1;
}

设置输入输出模式

/**
 * GPIO direction
 * @param gpio 0~Number
 * @param direction 0: input 1: output
 * @param value 0: Low 1: High
 */
public void gpioDirection(int gpio, int direction, int value) {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        mGpioService.gpioDirection(gpio, direction, value);
    }
}

控制GPIO输出

/**
 * GPIO write
 * @param gpio 0~Number
 * @param value 0: Low 1: High
 */
public void gpioWrite(int gpio, int value) {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        mGpioService.gpioWrite(gpio, value);
    }
}

控制GPIO输入

/**
 * GPIO read
 * @param gpio 0~Number
 * @return 0: Low 1: High other：error
 */
public int gpioRead(int gpio) {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        return mGpioService.gpioRead(gpio);
    }
    return -1;
}

设置GPIO为按键模式

 /**
 * GPIO register key event
 * @param gpio 0~Number
 */
public void gpioRegKeyEvent(int gpio) {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        mGpioService.gpioRegKeyEvent(gpio);
    }
}

设置为按键模式后，当GPIO有电平翻转时会上报按键事件，GPIO与KeyCode对应关系如下：

GPIO_0            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_0
GPIO_1            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_1
GPIO_2            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_2
GPIO_3            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_3
GPIO_4            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_4
GPIO_5            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_5
GPIO_6            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_6
GPIO_7            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_7
GPIO_8            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_8
GPIO_9            KeyEvent.KEYCODE_GPIO_9
  • 当GPIO变为低电平将上报：KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN
  • 当GPIO变为高电平将上报：KeyEvent.ACTION_UP

如果要取消按键模式则调用如下方法：

/**
 * GPIO unregister key event
 * @param gpio 0~Number
 */
public void gpioUnregKeyEvent(int gpio) {
    if (null != mGpioService) {
        mGpioService.gpioUnregKeyEvent(gpio);
    }
}

例

依赖Framework jar方式参考源码：

package com.ayst.item;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.SystemGpio;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2018/11/6.
 */

public class GpioTest {
    private SystemGpio mGpioService;

    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
    public GpioTest(Context context) {
        mGpioService = (SystemGpio) context.getSystemService("gpio");
    }

    /**
     * GPIO write
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     * @param value 0: Low 1: High
     */
    public void gpioWrite(int gpio, int value) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            mGpioService.gpioWrite(gpio, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO read
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     * @return 0: Low 1: High other：error
     */
    public int gpioRead(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            return mGpioService.gpioRead(gpio);
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * GPIO direction
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     * @param direction 0: input 1: output
     * @param value 0: Low 1: High
     */
    public void gpioDirection(int gpio, int direction, int value) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            mGpioService.gpioDirection(gpio, direction, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO register key event
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     */
    public void gpioRegKeyEvent(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            mGpioService.gpioRegKeyEvent(gpio);
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO unregister key event
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     */
    public void gpioUnregKeyEvent(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            mGpioService.gpioUnregKeyEvent(gpio);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get GPIO number
     * @return <0: error other: GPIO number
     */
    public int gpioGetNumber() {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            return mGpioService.gpioGetNumber();
        }
        return -1;
    }
}

反射方式参考源码：

package com.ayst.item;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.IGpioService;
import android.os.RemoteException;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2018/11/6.
 */

public class GpioTest {
    private IGpioService mGpioService;

    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
    public GpioTest(Context context) {
        Method method = null;
        try {
            method = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager").getMethod("getService", String.class);
            IBinder binder = (IBinder) method.invoke(null, new Object[]{"gpio"});
            mGpioService = IGpioService.Stub.asInterface(binder);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO write
     *
     * @param gpio  0~Number
     * @param value 0: Low 1: High
     */
    public void gpioWrite(int gpio, int value) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                mGpioService.gpioWrite(gpio, value);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO read
     *
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     * @return 0: Low 1: High other：error
     */
    public int gpioRead(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                return mGpioService.gpioRead(gpio);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    /**
     * GPIO direction
     *
     * @param gpio      0~Number
     * @param direction 0: input 1: output
     * @param value     0: Low 1: High
     */
    public void gpioDirection(int gpio, int direction, int value) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                mGpioService.gpioDirection(gpio, direction, value);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO register key event
     *
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     */
    public void gpioRegKeyEvent(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                mGpioService.gpioRegKeyEvent(gpio);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * GPIO unregister key event
     *
     * @param gpio 0~Number
     */
    public void gpioUnregKeyEvent(int gpio) {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                mGpioService.gpioUnregKeyEvent(gpio);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get GPIO number
     *
     * @return <0: error other: GPIO number
     */
    public int gpioGetNumber() {
        if (null != mGpioService) {
            try {
                return mGpioService.gpioGetNumber();
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
}
    原文作者：爱因私谈
    原文地址: https://www.jianshu.com/p/72f8b3556a64
    本文转自网络文章，转载此文章仅为分享知识，如有侵权，请联系博主进行删除。
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