广播介绍
Android中广播主要分为：有序广播、无序广播、粘性广播、局部广播。当然粘性广播也可以分为有序粘性广播和无序粘性广播，在这里我们探讨一下有序广播和无序广播。
· 普通广播（Normal Broadcast）：用sendBroadcast()方法发送。
普通广播是完全异步的，逻辑上可以在同一时刻被所有匹配的接受者接收到，消息传递效率高，缺点是接受者不能将处理结果传递给下一个接收者，也无法终止广播传播。
· 有序广播（Ordered Broadcast）：用sendOrderedBroadcast()方法发送。
有序广播的接收者们将按照事先生命的优先级依次接收，数越大优先级越高（取值范围：-1000~1000），优先级可以声明 在<intent-filter android:priority=”n”…/>，也可以调用IntentFilter对象的setPriority设置。并且接收者可以终止 传播（调用abortBroadcast()方法即可终止），一旦终止后面接收者就无法接受广播。另外，接受者可以将处理结果存入数据（可通过 setResultExtras(Bundle)方法将数据存入Broadcast），当做Broadcast再传递给下一级接收者（可通过代码 Bundle bundle = getResultExtras(true)获取上一级传递过来的数据）。
一、动态广播优先级
②无序广播以并行或者无序方式发送，无优先级
③有序广播按照串行方式发送，有优先级
二、静态广播优先级
①无序广播并行或者无序发送
②有序广播串行方式执行，如果是同等优先级，按照app安装的先后执行，因为静态广播注册到系统中，由PMS管理。
三、静态广播与动态广播的优先级
①对于无序广播，动态广播优先发送
②对于有序广播，动态广播和静态广播按照优先级合并之后发送，此外，如果优先级相同(算法决定)，那么依然是动态态广播先接收
四、核心源码分析
ActivityManager.java
// Figure out who all will receive this broadcast.
List receivers = null; //动态+静态广播
List<BroadcastFilter> registeredReceivers = null; //动态广播
// Need to resolve the intent to interested receivers...
if ((intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY)
== 0) {
receivers = collectReceiverComponents(intent, resolvedType, callingUid, users);
}
if (intent.getComponent() == null) {
if (userId == UserHandle.USER_ALL && callingUid == Process.SHELL_UID) {
// Query one target user at a time, excluding shell-restricted users
UserManagerService ums = getUserManagerLocked();
for (int i = 0; i < users.length; i++) {
if (ums.hasUserRestriction(
UserManager.DISALLOW_DEBUGGING_FEATURES, users[i])) {
continue;
}
List<BroadcastFilter> registeredReceiversForUser =
mReceiverResolver.queryIntent(intent,
resolvedType, false, users[i]);
if (registeredReceivers == null) {
registeredReceivers = registeredReceiversForUser;
} else if (registeredReceiversForUser != null) {
registeredReceivers.addAll(registeredReceiversForUser);
}
}
} else {
registeredReceivers = mReceiverResolver.queryIntent(intent,
resolvedType, false, userId);
}
}
final boolean replacePending =
(intent.getFlags()&Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING) != 0;
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(TAG, "Enqueing broadcast: " + intent.getAction()
+ " replacePending=" + replacePending);
int NR = registeredReceivers != null ? registeredReceivers.size() : 0;
if (!ordered && NR > 0) {
// If we are not serializing this broadcast, then send the
// registered receivers separately so they don't wait for the
// components to be launched.
final BroadcastQueue queue = broadcastQueueForIntent(intent);
BroadcastRecord r = new BroadcastRecord(queue, intent, callerApp,
callerPackage, callingPid, callingUid, resolvedType, requiredPermission,
appOp, registeredReceivers, resultTo, resultCode, resultData, map,
ordered, sticky, false, userId);
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(
TAG, "Enqueueing parallel broadcast " + r);
final boolean replaced = replacePending && queue.replaceParallelBroadcastLocked(r);
if (!replaced) {
queue.enqueueParallelBroadcastLocked(r);
queue.scheduleBroadcastsLocked();
}
registeredReceivers = null;
NR = 0;
}
// Merge into one list.
int ir = 0;
if (receivers != null) {
// A special case for PACKAGE_ADDED: do not allow the package
// being added to see this broadcast. This prevents them from
// using this as a back door to get run as soon as they are
// installed. Maybe in the future we want to have a special install
// broadcast or such for apps, but we'd like to deliberately make
// this decision.
String skipPackages[] = null;
if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(intent.getAction())
|| Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_RESTARTED.equals(intent.getAction())
|| Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_DATA_CLEARED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
Uri data = intent.getData();
if (data != null) {
String pkgName = data.getSchemeSpecificPart();
if (pkgName != null) {
skipPackages = new String[] { pkgName };
}
}
} else if (Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE.equals(intent.getAction())) {
skipPackages = intent.getStringArrayExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CHANGED_PACKAGE_LIST);
}
if (skipPackages != null && (skipPackages.length > 0)) {
for (String skipPackage : skipPackages) {
if (skipPackage != null) {
int NT = receivers.size();
for (int it=0; it<NT; it++) {
ResolveInfo curt = (ResolveInfo)receivers.get(it);
if (curt.activityInfo.packageName.equals(skipPackage)) {
receivers.remove(it);
it--;
NT--;
}
}
}
}
}
int NT = receivers != null ? receivers.size() : 0;
int it = 0;
ResolveInfo curt = null;
BroadcastFilter curr = null;
while (it < NT && ir < NR) {
if (curt == null) {
curt = (ResolveInfo)receivers.get(it);
}
if (curr == null) {
curr = registeredReceivers.get(ir);
}
if (curr.getPriority() >= curt.priority) {
// 优先级相同，把动态插入到静态前面
receivers.add(it, curr);
ir++;
curr = null;
it++;
NT++;
} else {
// Skip to the next ResolveInfo in the final list.
it++;
curt = null;
}
}
}
while (ir < NR) {
if (receivers == null) {
receivers = new ArrayList();
}
receivers.add(registeredReceivers.get(ir));
ir++;
}
if ((receivers != null && receivers.size() > 0)
|| resultTo != null) {
BroadcastQueue queue = broadcastQueueForIntent(intent);
BroadcastRecord r = new BroadcastRecord(queue, intent, callerApp,
callerPackage, callingPid, callingUid, resolvedType,
requiredPermission, appOp, receivers, resultTo, resultCode,
resultData, map, ordered, sticky, false, userId);
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) Slog.v(
TAG, "Enqueueing ordered broadcast " + r
+ ": prev had " + queue.mOrderedBroadcasts.size());
if (DEBUG_BROADCAST) {
int seq = r.intent.getIntExtra("seq", -1);
Slog.i(TAG, "Enqueueing broadcast " + r.intent.getAction() + " seq=" + seq);
}
boolean replaced = replacePending && queue.replaceOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);
if (!replaced) {
queue.enqueueOrderedBroadcastLocked(r);
queue.scheduleBroadcastsLocked();
}
}
return ActivityManager.BROADCAST_SUCCESS;
