1、创建Scrapy项目
scrapy startproject douyu
2.进入项目目录，使用命令genspider创建Spider
scrapy genspider douyumeinv “http://capi.douyucdn.cn“
3、定义要抓取的数据（处理items.py文件）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
class DouyuItem(scrapy.Item):
name = scrapy.Field() # 存储照片的名字
imagesUrls = scrapy.Field() # 照片的url路径
imagesPath = scrapy.Field() # 照片保存在本地的路径
4、编写提取item数据的Spider（在spiders文件夹下：douyumeinv.py）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import json
# 如果下面在pycharm中有红色波浪线，参照这个设置：https://blog.csdn.net/z564359805/article/details/80650843
from douyu.items import DouyuItem
class DouyumeinvSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = ‘douyumeinv’
allowed_domains = [‘capi.douyucdn.cn’]
offset = 0
url = “http://capi.douyucdn.cn/api/v1/getVerticalRoom?limit=20&offset=“
start_urls = [url + str(offset)]
def parse(self, response):
data = json.loads(response.text)[‘data’]
for each in data:
item = DouyuItem()
item[‘name’] = each[‘nickname’]
item[‘imagesUrls’] = each[‘vertical_src’]
yield item
self.offset += 20
yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset),callback=self.parse)
5.处理pipelines管道文件保存数据，可将结果保存到文件中（pipelines.py）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import os
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
# 继承ImagesPipeline()的子类处理图片并保存，参考：https://blog.csdn.net/z564359805/article/details/80693578
class ImagePipeline(ImagesPipeline):
# 获取settings文件中设置的图片保存地址IMAGES_STORE
IMAGES_STORE =get_project_settings().get(“IMAGES_STORE”)
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
image_url = item[‘imagesUrls’]
yield scrapy.Request(image_url)
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
image_path = [x[‘path’] for ok, x in results if ok]
os.rename(self.IMAGES_STORE + ‘/’ + image_path[0],self.IMAGES_STORE + ‘/’ + item[‘name’] + ‘.jpg’)
item[‘imagesPath’] = self.IMAGES_STORE + ‘/’ + item[‘name’]
return item
6.配置settings文件（settings.py）
# Obey robots.txt rules，具体含义参照：https://blog.csdn.net/z564359805/article/details/80691677
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Override the default request headers:添加User-Agent信息
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
‘USER_AGENT’:’DYZB/2.290 (iPhone; iOS 9.3.4; Scale/2.00)’,
}
# 图片保存地址,这样会在当前执行的目录下创建images文件夹，也可以写具体地址
IMAGES_STORE = “./images”
# Configure item pipelines
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
‘douyu.pipelines.ImagePipeline’: 300,
}
# 还可以将日志存到本地文件中（可选添加设置）
LOG_FILE = “douyulog.log”
LOG_LEVEL = “DEBUG”
7.以上设置完毕，进行爬取：执行项目命令crawl，启动Spider：
scrapy crawl douyumeinv
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作者：執筆冩回憶
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/z564359805/article/details/80707165
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
