Given a binary array, find the maximum length of a contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.
Example 1:
Input: [0,1] Output: 2 Explanation: [0, 1] is the longest contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.
Example 2:
Input: [0,1,0] Output: 2 Explanation: [0, 1] (or [1, 0]) is a longest contiguous subarray with equal number of 0 and 1.
Note: The length of the given binary array will not exceed 50,000.
这道题给了我们一个二进制的数组,让我们找邻近的子数组使其0和1的个数相等。对于求子数组的问题,我们需要时刻记着求累积和是一种很犀利的工具,但是这里怎么将子数组的和跟0和1的个数之间产生联系呢?我们需要用到一个trick,遇到1就加1,遇到0,就减1,这样如果某个子数组和为0,就说明0和1的个数相等,这个想法真是太叼了,不过博主木有想出来。知道了这一点,我们用一个哈希表建立子数组之和跟结尾位置的坐标之间的映射。如果某个子数组之和在哈希表里存在了,说明当前子数组减去哈希表中存的那个子数字,得到的结果是中间一段子数组之和,必然为0,说明0和1的个数相等,我们更新结果res,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution { public: int findMaxLength(vector<int>& nums) { int res = 0, n = nums.size(), sum = 0; unordered_map<int, int> m{{0, -1}}; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { sum += (nums[i] == 1) ? 1 : -1; if (m.count(sum)) { res = max(res, i - m[sum]); } else { m[sum] = i; } } return res; } };
下面这种方法跟上面的解法基本上完全一样,只不过在求累积和的时候没有用条件判断,而是用了一个很叼的等式直接包括了两种情况,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution { public: int findMaxLength(vector<int>& nums) { int res = 0, n = nums.size(), sum = 0; unordered_map<int, int> m{{0, -1}}; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { sum += (nums[i] << 1) -1; if (m.count(sum)) { res = max(res, i - m[sum]); } else { m[sum] = i; } } return res; } };
参考资料:
https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/79906/easy-java-o-n-solution-presum-hashmap
https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/80347/java-solution-o-n-one-pass-with-hashmap-with-explanation