1. 安装 MongoDB
三台机器
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
192.168.252.121 | 192.168.252.122 | 192.168.252.123 |
---|---|---|
mongos | mongos | mongos |
config server | config server | config server |
shard server1 主节点 | shard server1 副节点 | shard server1 仲裁 |
shard server2 仲裁 | shard server2 主节点 | shard server2 副节点 |
shard server3 副节点 | shard server3 仲裁 | shard server3 主节点 |
端口分配:
mongos:20000 config:21000 shard1:27001 shard2:27002 shard3:27003
下载并且安装
wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-amazon-3.6.2.tgz tar -xzvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-amazon-3.6.2.tgz -C /usr/local/
所有版本二进制文件,自行下载
https://www.mongodb.org/dl/win32/x86_64-2008plus-ssl?_ga=2.87139544.1567998244.1517190032-1153843332.1517190032&_gac=1.204211492.1517212002.EAIaIQobChMI44v9_9b82AIV1AcqCh0lcABIEAAYASAAEgKI1_D_BwE
改名
cd /usr/local/ mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-amazon-3.6.2 mongodb
分别在每台机器建立conf、mongos、config、shard1、shard2、shard3六个目录,因为mongos不存储数据,只需要建立日志文件目录即可。
mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/conf \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/config/data \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/config/log \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/data \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/data \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/data \ mkdir -p /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log
配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
# MongoDB 环境变量内容 export MONGODB_HOME=/usr/local/mongodb export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATH
使立即生效
source /etc/profile
2. config server配置服务器
mongodb3.4以后要求配置服务器也创建副本集,不然集群搭建不成功。
(三台机器)添加配置文件
vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/config.conf
## 配置文件内容 pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/log/configsrv.pid dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/data logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/config/log/congigsrv.log logappend = true bind_ip = 0.0.0.0 port = 21000 fork = true #declare this is a config db of a cluster; configsvr = true #副本集名称 replSet = configs #设置最大连接数 maxConns = 20000
启动三台服务器的config server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/config.conf
登录任意一台配置服务器,初始化配置副本集
连接 MongoDB
mongo --port 21000
config 变量
config = {
_id : "configs", members : [ {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:21000" }, {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:21000" }, {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:21000" } ] }
初始化副本集
rs.initiate(config)
其中,”_id” : “configs”应与配置文件中配置的 replicaction.replSetName 一致,”members” 中的 “host” 为三个节点的 ip 和 port
响应内容如下
> config = {
... _id : "configs", ... members : [ ... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:21000" }, ... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:21000" }, ... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:21000" } ... ] ... } { "_id" : "configs", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "192.168.252.121:21000" }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "192.168.252.122:21000" }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "192.168.252.123:21000" } ] } > rs.initiate(config); { "ok" : 1, "operationTime" : Timestamp(1517369899, 1), "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1517369899, 1), "electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000") }, "$clusterTime" : { "clusterTime" : Timestamp(1517369899, 1), "signature" : { "hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="), "keyId" : NumberLong(0) } } } configs:SECONDARY>
此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。
//从单个一个 > //变成了 configs:SECONDARY>
查询状态
configs:SECONDARY> rs.status()
3. 配置分片副本集
3.1 设置第一个分片副本集
(三台机器)设置第一个分片副本集
配置文件
vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
#配置文件内容 #——————————————– pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.pid dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/data logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/log/shard1.log logappend = true bind_ip = 0.0.0.0 port = 27001 fork = true #副本集名称 replSet = shard1 #declare this is a shard db of a cluster; shardsvr = true #设置最大连接数 maxConns = 20000
启动三台服务器的shard1 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf
登陆任意一台服务器,初始化副本集(除了192.168.252.123)
连接 MongoDB
mongo --port 27001
使用admin数据库
use admin
定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard1", members : [ {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27001" }, {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27001" }, {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27001" , arbiterOnly: true } ] }
初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
响应内容如下
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
... _id : "shard1", ... members : [ ... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27001" }, ... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27001" }, ... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27001" , arbiterOnly: true } ... ] ... } { "_id" : "shard1", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "192.168.252.121:27001" }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "192.168.252.122:27001" }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "192.168.252.123:27001", "arbiterOnly" : true } ] } > rs.initiate(config) { "ok" : 1 }
此时会发现终端上的输出已经有了变化。
//从单个一个 > //变成了 shard1:SECONDARY>
查询状态
shard1:SECONDARY> rs.status()
3.2 设置第二个分片副本集
设置第二个分片副本集
配置文件
vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
#配置文件内容 #——————————————– pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.pid dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/data logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard2/log/shard2.log logappend = true bind_ip = 0.0.0.0 port = 27002 fork = true #副本集名称 replSet=shard2 #declare this is a shard db of a cluster; shardsvr = true #设置最大连接数 maxConns=20000
启动三台服务器的shard2 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf
连接 MongoDB
mongo --port 27002
使用admin数据库
use admin
定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard2", members : [ {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27002" , arbiterOnly: true }, {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27002" }, {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27002" } ] }
初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
响应内容如下
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
... _id : "shard2", ... members : [ ... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27002" , arbiterOnly: true }, ... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27002" }, ... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27002" } ... ] ... } { "_id" : "shard2", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "192.168.252.121:27002", "arbiterOnly" : true }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "192.168.252.122:27002" }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "192.168.252.123:27002" } ] } > rs.initiate(config) { "ok" : 1 } shard2:SECONDARY> rs.status()
3.3 设置第三个分片副本集
vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
#配置文件内容 #——————————————– pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.pid dbpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/data logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/shard3/log/shard3.log logappend = true bind_ip = 0.0.0.0 port = 27003 fork = true #副本集名称 replSet=shard3 #declare this is a shard db of a cluster; shardsvr = true #设置最大连接数 maxConns=20000
启动三台服务器的shard3 server
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf
登陆任意一台服务器,初始化副本集(除了192.168.252.121)
mongo --port 27003
使用admin数据库
use admin
定义副本集配置
config = {
_id : "shard3", members : [ {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27003" }, {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27003" , arbiterOnly: true}, {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27003" } ] }
初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config)
响应内容如下
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {
... _id : "shard3", ... members : [ ... {_id : 0, host : "192.168.252.121:27003" }, ... {_id : 1, host : "192.168.252.122:27003" , arbiterOnly: true}, ... {_id : 2, host : "192.168.252.123:27003" } ... ] ... } { "_id" : "shard3", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "192.168.252.121:27003" }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "192.168.252.122:27003", "arbiterOnly" : true }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "192.168.252.123:27003" } ] } > rs.initiate(config) { "ok" : 1 } shard3:SECONDARY> rs.status()
3.4 配置路由服务器 mongos
(三台机器)先启动配置服务器和分片服务器,后启动路由实例启动路由实例:
vi /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
#内容 pidfilepath = /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.pid logpath = /usr/local/mongodb/mongos/log/mongos.log logappend = true bind_ip = 0.0.0.0 port = 20000 fork = true #监听的配置服务器,只能有1个或者3个 configs为配置服务器的副本集名字 configdb = configs/192.168.252.121:21000,192.168.252.122:21000,192.168.252.123:21000 #设置最大连接数 maxConns = 20000
启动三台服务器的mongos server
mongos -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
4. 串联路由服务器
目前搭建了mongodb配置服务器、路由服务器,各个分片服务器,不过应用程序连接到mongos路由服务器并不能使用分片机制,阜阳市人民政府还需要在程序里设置分片配置,让分片生效。
登陆任意一台mongos
mongo --port 20000
使用admin数据库
use admin
串联路由服务器与分配副本集
sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.252.121:27001,192.168.252.122:27001,192.168.252.123:27001"); sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.252.121:27002,192.168.252.122:27002,192.168.252.123:27002"); sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.252.121:27003,192.168.252.122:27003,192.168.252.123:27003");
查看集群状态
sh.status()
响应内容如下
mongos> sh.status() --- Sharding Status --- sharding version: { "_id" : 1, "minCompatibleVersion" : 5, "currentVersion" : 6, "clusterId" : ObjectId("5a713a37d56e076f3eb47acf") } shards: { "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.252.121:27001,192.168.252.122:27001", "state" : 1 } { "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.252.122:27002,192.168.252.123:27002", "state" : 1 } { "_id" : "shard3", "host" : "shard3/192.168.252.121:27003,192.168.252.123:27003", "state" : 1 } active mongoses: "3.6.2" : 3 autosplit: Currently enabled: yes balancer: Currently enabled: yes Currently running: no Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0 Migration Results for the last 24 hours: No recent migrations databases: { "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true } mongos>
5. 启用集合分片生效
目前配置服务、路由服务、分片服务、副本集服务都已经串联起来了,但我们的目的是希望插入数据,数据能够自动分片。连接在mongos上,准备让指定的数据库、指定的集合分片生效。
登陆任意一台mongos
mongo --port 20000
使用admin数据库
use admin
指定testdb分片生效
db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
指定数据库里需要分片的集合和片键,哈希id 分片
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {"id": "hashed"} } );
我们设置testdb的 table1 表需要分片,根据 id 自动分片到 shard1 ,shard2,shard3 上面去。霍山县人民政府要这样设置是因为不是所有mongodb 的数据库和表 都需要分片!
测试分片配置结果
连接 MongoDB 路由服务
mongo 127.0.0.1:20000
切换到 testdb 数据库
use testdb;
插入测试数据
for(i=1;i<=100000;i++){db.table1.insert({"id":i,"name":"penglei"})};
总条数
db.table1.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$name", totle : {$sum : 1}}}])
查看分片情况如下
- shard1: “count”: 33755
- shard2: “count”: 33143,
- shard3: “count”: 33102
结论数据基本均匀
db.table1.stats();
mongos> db.table1.stats();
{
"sharded": true, "capped": false, "ns": "testdb.table1", "count": 100000, "size": 5200000, "storageSize": 1519616, "totalIndexSize": 3530752, "indexSizes": { "_id_": 892928, "id_hashed": 2637824 }, "avgObjSize": 52, "nindexes": 2, "nchunks": 6, "shards": { "shard1": { "ns": "testdb.table1", "size": 1755260, "count": 33755, "avgObjSize": 52, "storageSize": 532480, "capped": false, "wiredTiger": { ...省略很多 } }, "shard2": { "ns": "testdb.table1", "size": 1723436, "count": 33143, "avgObjSize": 52, "storageSize": 479232, "capped": false, "wiredTiger": { ...省略很多 } }, "shard3": { "ns": "testdb.table1", "size": 1721304, "count": 33102, "avgObjSize": 52, "storageSize": 507904, "capped": false, "wiredTiger": { ...省略很多 } } }, "ok": 1, "$clusterTime": { "clusterTime": Timestamp(1517488062, 350), "signature": { "hash": BinData(0, "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="), "keyId": NumberLong(0) } }, "operationTime": Timestamp(1517488062, 350) } mongos>
分组查看总数量是:100000
mongos> db.table1.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$name", totle : {$sum : 1}}}]) { "_id" : "penglei", "totle" : 100000 } mongos>
后期运维
参考
手把手教你 MongoDB 的安装与详细使用(一)
http://www.ymq.io/2018/01/26/MongoDB-1/
手把手教你 MongoDB 的安装与详细使用(二)
http://www.ymq.io/2018/01/29/MongoDB-2/
创建索引
db.table1.createIndex({"name":1}) db.table1.getIndexes()
启动
mongodb的启动顺序是,先启动配置服务器,在启动分片,最后启动mongos.
mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/config.conf mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard2.conf mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard3.conf mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/mongos.conf
启动报错
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 1303 child process started successfully, parent exiting [root@node1 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/conf/shard1.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 1384
删除 mongod.lock
cd /usr/local/mongodb/shard1/data rm -rf mongod.lock
关闭
#debian、ubuntu系统下: apt-get install psmisc #centos或、rhel系统下: yum install psmisc
关闭时,直接killall杀掉所有进程
killall mongod killall mongos