企业管理器
–管理
–SQL Server代理
–右键作业
–新建作业
–“常规”项中输入作业名称
–“步骤”项
–新建
–“步骤名”中输入步骤名
–“类型”中选择”Transact-SQL 脚本(TSQL)”
–“数据库”选择执行命令的数据库
–“命令”中输入要执行的语句:
–确定
–“调度”项
–新建调度
–“名称”中输入调度名称
–“调度类型”中选择你的作业执行安排
–如果选择”反复出现”
–点”更改”来设置你的时间安排为一天一次
然后将SQL Agent服务启动,并设置为自动启动,否则你的作业不会被执行
设置方法:
我的电脑–控制面板–管理工具–服务–右键 SQLSERVERAGENT–属性–启动类型–选择”自动启动”–确定.
/*******************完整备份作业*******************/
–完整备份,每周一次
USE Master
GO
declare @str varchar(100)
set @str=’D:\DBtext\jgj\DBABak\FullBak’+replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate(),20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”)+’.bak’
BACKUP DATABASE [demo] TO DISK=@str
WITH RETAINDAYS=15,NOFORMAT,NOINIT,
NAME=N’Demo完整备份’,SKIP,NOREWIND,
NOUNLOAD,STATS=10
GO
/*******************差异备份作业*******************/
–截断日志
USE Master
GO
BACKUP LOG Demo WITH NO_LOG
GO
–收缩日志文件
USE Demo
GO
DBCC SHRINKFILE (N’Demo_log’,0,TRUNCATEONLY)
GO
–差异备份,每天一次
USE Master
GO
declare @str varchar(100)
set @str=’D:\DBtext\jgj\DBABak\DiffBak’+replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate(),20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”)+’.diff’
BACKUP DATABASE [Demo] TO DISK=@str
WITH DIFFERENTIAL,RETAINDAYS=8,NOFORMAT,NOINIT,
NAME=N’Demo差异备份’,SKIP,NOREWIND,
NOUNLOAD,STATS=10
GO
/******************日志备份作业*******************/
–日志备份,每小时一次
USE Demo
GO
declare @str varchar(100)
set @str=’D:\DBtext\jgj\DBABak\logbak’+replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate(),20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”)+’.trn’
BACKUP LOG [Demo] TO DISK=@str
WITH RETAINDAYS=3,NOFORMAT,NOINIT,
NAME=N’Demo日志备份’,SKIP,NOREWIND,
NOUNLOAD,STATS=10
GO
–删除过期的备份文件,每天两次
declare @str varchar(100),@dir varchar(100),@fileName varchar(30)
set @dir=’del D:\DBtext\jgj\DBABak\’
set @filename=left(replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate()-15,20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”),8)
set @str=@dir+’fullbak’+@filename+’*.bak’
exec xp_cmdshell @str
set @filename=left(replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate()-8,20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”),8)
set @str=@dir+’diffbak’+@filename+’*.diff’
exec xp_cmdshell @str
set @filename=left(replace(replace(replace(convert(varchar,getdate()-8,20),’-‘,”),’ ‘,”),’:’,”),8)
set @str=@dir+’logbak’+@filename+’*.trn’
exec xp_cmdshell @str
======================================================================
SQL还原
======================================================================
1、验证备份
————————————————————
restore headeronly from bak3
restore filelistonly from bak3 with file=1
restore labelonly from bak3
restore verifyonly from bak3
———————————————————————-
2、从备份中还原
————————————————————————-
restore headeronly from bak1
restore database d1 from bak1 with file=2 –从完全备份中恢复
———————————————————————-
restore headeronly from bak2 –从差异备份中恢复
restore database d2 from bak2 with file=1,norecovery
restore database d2 from bak2 with file=5,recovery
———————————————————————-
restore headeronly from bak3 –从日志备份中恢复
restore database d3 from bak3 with file=1,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=2,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=3,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=4,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=5,recovery
———————————————————————-
restore database d3 from bak3 with file=1,norecovery –恢复到指定时间
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=2,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=3,norecovery
restore log d3 from bak3 with file=4,recovery,stopat=’2003-08-15 11:29:00.000′
———————————————————————-
restore database d5 filegroup=’FG2′ from bak5 with file=4,norecovery –还原文件组备份
restore log d5 from bak5 with file=5,norecovery
restore log d5 from bak5 with file=7,recovery
———————————————————————-
restore headeronly from bak6 –还原文件备份
restore database d5 file=’d5_data3′ from bak6 with file=6,norecovery
restore log d5 from bak6 with file=7,norecovery
restore log d5 from bak6 with file=9,recovery
———————————————————————-
restore database d5 from bak6 with replace –删除现有数据库，从备份中重建数据库
———————————————————————-
create database d6 –move to将数据库文件移动到新位置
on primary
(name=d6_data,
filename=’E:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL\data\d6_Data.MDF’,
size=2MB)
log on
(name=d6_log,
filename=’E:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL\data\d6_log.ldf’,
size=2MB)
go
backupdatabase d6 to bak6 with init
drop database d6
restore database d6 from bak6
with move ‘d6_data’ to ‘e:\data\d6\d6_data.mdf’,
move ‘d6_log’to ‘e:\data\d6\d6_log.ldf’
sp_helpdb d6
———————————————————————-
3、分离与重连接数据库
————————————–
sp_detach_db ‘d6’
sp_attach_db ‘d6′,’e:\data\d6\d6_data.mdf’,’e:\data\d6\d6_log.ldf’
————————————–
sp_detach_db d6
go
create database d6
on primary
(filename=’e:\data\d6\d6_data.mdf’)
for attach
go
———————————————————————-
4、恢复损坏的系统数据库
———————————————————————-
1）先备份MASTER、MSDB
2）停止SQL服务，将MASTER数据库文件删除或者重命名。这样，SQL服务将不能启动。
3）系统数据库的还原
———————————————–
（1）如果SQL服务还能启动，则从备份中恢复系统数据库。
（2）如果SQL服务不能启动，则需要重建系统数据库。
使用SQL文件夹TOOLS\BINN目录下的Rebuildm.exe重建master数据库。
（3）创建备份设备，指向以前的备份设备。
（4）以单用户模式启动SQL
cd programe files\microsoft sql server\mssql\binn
sqlservr.exe -c -m
（5）进查询分析器，从备份中恢复master数据库。
restore database master from masterbak
restore database msdb from disk=’e:\bak\msdb.bak’
MASTER还原后，SQL中用户数据库的信息也会恢复。
（6）如果MASTER没有备份，则需要用sp_attach_db命令将用户数据库附加到新的MASTER数据库中。
