webpack-dev-server 源码剖析

webpack-dev-server

简介

Use webpack with a development server that provides live reloading. This should be used for development only.

It uses webpack-dev-middleware under the hood, which provides fast in-memory access to the webpack assets.

将webpack与供应及时从新加载的开辟服务器一同运用。 这应当仅用于开辟。

它运用了引擎盖下的webpack-dev-middleware,它供应了对webpack资产的疾速内存接见。

运用

Getting Started

源码剖析解读

1. 结论:热更新的流程

  1. webpack在构建项目时会竖立服务端(server基于node)和客户端(client通常指浏览器),项目正式启动运转时两边会经由历程socket坚持衔接,用来满足前后端及时通信。
  2. 当我们保留代码时,会被webpack监听到文件变化,触发新一轮编译天生新的编译器compiler(就是我们所说的Tapable实例。它夹杂在一同Tapable来吸取功能来注册和挪用插件自身,能够明白为一个状况机。)。
  3. 在compiler的’done’钩子函数(生命周期)里挪用_sendStats发放向client发送okwarning音讯,并同时发送向client发送hash值,在client保留下来。
  4. client接收到okwarning音讯后挪用reloadApp宣布客户端搜检更新事宜(webpackHotUpdate
  5. webpack/hot部份监听到webpackHotUpdate事宜,挪用check要领举行hash值对照以及搜检各modules是不是须要更新。如需更新会挪用hotDownloadManifest要领下载json(manifest)文件。
  6. hotDownloadManifest完成后挪用hotDownloadUpdateChunk要领,经由历程jsonp的体式格局加载最新的chunk,以后剖析对照文件举行文件的更新替代,完成全部热更新流程。

注:以下源码剖析采纳倒叙剖析体式格局

2. webpack/hot 源码解读

在webpack构建项目时,webpack-dev-server会在编译后js文件加上两个依靠文件:

/***/ 
(function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
  // 竖立socket衔接,坚持前后端及时通信
  __webpack_require__("./node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client/index.js?http://localhost:8080");
    // dev-server client热更新的要领
  __webpack_require__("./node_modules/webpack/hot/dev-server.js");
  module.exports = __webpack_require__("./src/index.js");
  /***/
})
  • webpack/hot/dev-server.js的文件内容:

    /*
      MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
      Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
    */
    /*globals window __webpack_hash__ */
    if (module.hot) {
      var lastHash;
      //__webpack_hash__是每次编译的hash值是全局的,就是放在window上
      var upToDate = function upToDate() {
        return lastHash.indexOf(__webpack_hash__) >= 0;
      };
      var log = require("./log");
      var check = function check() {
        module.hot
          .check(true)  // 这里的check要领终究进入到webpack\lib\HotModuleReplacement.runtime.js文件中
          .then(function(updatedModules) {
            //搜检一切要更新的module,假如没有module要更新那末返回null
            if (!updatedModules) {
              log("warning", "[HMR] Cannot find update. Need to do a full reload!");
              log(
                "warning",
                "[HMR] (Probably because of restarting the webpack-dev-server)"
              );
              window.location.reload();
              return;
            }
            //检测时刻另有module须要更新,假如有=>check()
            if (!upToDate()) {
              check();
            }
            //打印更新效果,一切须要更新的module和已被更新的module都是updatedModules
            require("./log-apply-result")(updatedModules, updatedModules);
    
            if (upToDate()) {
              log("info", "[HMR] App is up to date.");
            }
          })
          .catch(function(err) {
            //假如报错直接全局reload
            var status = module.hot.status();
            if (["abort", "fail"].indexOf(status) >= 0) {
              log(
                "warning",
                "[HMR] Cannot apply update. Need to do a full reload!"
              );
              log("warning", "[HMR] " + (err.stack || err.message));
              window.location.reload();
            } else {
              log("warning", "[HMR] Update failed: " + (err.stack || err.message));
            }
          });
      };
      //猎取MyEmitter对象
      var hotEmitter = require("./emitter");
      //监听‘webpackHotUpdate’事宜
      hotEmitter.on("webpackHotUpdate", function(currentHash) {
        lastHash = currentHash;
        //依据两点推断是不是须要搜检modules以及更新
        // 1 对照服务端传过来的最新hash值和客户端的__webpack_hash__是不是一致
        // 2 挪用module.hot.status要领猎取状况 是不是为 ‘idle’
        if (!upToDate() && module.hot.status() === "idle") {
          log("info", "[HMR] Checking for updates on the server...");
          check();
        }
      });
      log("info", "[HMR] Waiting for update signal from WDS...");
    } else {
      throw new Error("[HMR] Hot Module Replacement is disabled.");
    }
    
  • 加载最新chunk的源码剖析:

    • 要领挪用关联:module.hot.check=>HotModuleReplacement=>hotDownloadManifest=>hotEnsureUpdateChunk=>hotDownloadUpdateChunk
    • HotModuleReplacement模块内容:

      ...
      function hotCheck(apply) {
        ...
        return hotDownloadManifest(hotRequestTimeout).then(function(update) {
          ...
          // 猎取到manifest后经由历程jsonp加载最新的chunk 
          /*foreachInstalledChunks*/
          // eslint-disable-next-line no-lone-blocks
          {
            /*globals chunkId */
            hotEnsureUpdateChunk(chunkId);
          }
          ...
        });
      }
      ...
      
      function hotEnsureUpdateChunk(chunkId) {
        if (!hotAvailableFilesMap[chunkId]) {
          hotWaitingFilesMap[chunkId] = true;
        } else {
          hotRequestedFilesMap[chunkId] = true;
          hotWaitingFiles++;
          hotDownloadUpdateChunk(chunkId);
        }
      }
    • webpack会依据差别运转环境(node / webworker / web)挪用对应的要领(hotDownloadManifest & hotDownloadUpdateChunk)来加载chunk:,我们重要斟酌web环境下的要领

         // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
          function webpackHotUpdateCallback(chunkId, moreModules) {
            //...
          } 
          //$semicolon
      
          // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
          //jsonp要领加载chunk
          function hotDownloadUpdateChunk(chunkId) {
            var script = document.createElement("script");
            script.charset = "utf-8";
            script.src = $require$.p + $hotChunkFilename$;
            if ($crossOriginLoading$) script.crossOrigin = $crossOriginLoading$;
            document.head.appendChild(script);
          }
      
          // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
          function hotDownloadManifest(requestTimeout) {
            //...
          }
      
      
    • log-apply-result模块内容:

      
      /*
      MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
      Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
      */
      module.exports = function(updatedModules, renewedModules) {
        //renewedModules示意哪些模块被更新了,盈余的模块示意,哪些模块因为 ignoreDeclined,ignoreUnaccepted设置没有更新
        var unacceptedModules = updatedModules.filter(function(moduleId) {
          return renewedModules && renewedModules.indexOf(moduleId) < 0;
        });
        var log = require("./log");
        //哪些模块没法HMR,打印log
        //哪些模块因为某种缘由没有更新胜利。个中没有更新的缘由多是以下的:
        //  ignoreUnaccepted
        //  ignoreDecline
        //  ignoreErrored
        if (unacceptedModules.length > 0) {
          log(
            "warning",
            "[HMR] The following modules couldn't be hot updated: (They would need a full reload!)"
          );
          unacceptedModules.forEach(function(moduleId) {
            log("warning", "[HMR]  - " + moduleId);
          });
        }
        //没有模块更新,示意模块是最新的
        if (!renewedModules || renewedModules.length === 0) {
          log("info", "[HMR] Nothing hot updated.");
        } else {
          log("info", "[HMR] Updated modules:");
          //更新的模块
          renewedModules.forEach(function(moduleId) {
            if (typeof moduleId === "string" && moduleId.indexOf("!") !== -1) {
              var parts = moduleId.split("!");
              log.groupCollapsed("info", "[HMR]  - " + parts.pop());
              log("info", "[HMR]  - " + moduleId);
              log.groupEnd("info");
            } else {
              log("info", "[HMR]  - " + moduleId);
            }
          });
          //每个moduleId都是数字那末发起运用NamedModulesPlugin
          var numberIds = renewedModules.every(function(moduleId) {
            return typeof moduleId === "number";
          });
          if (numberIds)
            log(
              "info",
              "[HMR] Consider using the NamedModulesPlugin for module names."
            );
        }
      };

3. webpack-dev-server源码解读

webpack构建历程触发module更新的机遇

  • webpack-dev-server客户端源码的症结部份

    ...
    ...
    const onSocketMsg = {
    ...
      ok() {
        sendMsg('Ok');
        if (useWarningOverlay || useErrorOverlay) overlay.clear();
        if (initial) return (initial = false); // eslint-disable-line no-return-assign
        reloadApp();
      },
      warnings(warnings) {
        log.warn('[WDS] Warnings while compiling.');
        const strippedWarnings = warnings.map((warning) => stripAnsi(warning));
        sendMsg('Warnings', strippedWarnings);
        for (let i = 0; i < strippedWarnings.length; i++) {
          log.warn(strippedWarnings[i]);
        }
        if (useWarningOverlay) overlay.showMessage(warnings);
    
        if (initial) return (initial = false); // eslint-disable-line no-return-assign
          reloadApp();
        },
      ...
      };
    
    ...
    
    function reloadApp() {
      if (isUnloading || !hotReload) {
        return;
      }
      if (hot) {
        log.info('[WDS] App hot update...');
        // eslint-disable-next-line global-require
        const hotEmitter = require('webpack/hot/emitter');
        hotEmitter.emit('webpackHotUpdate', currentHash);
        //从新启动webpack/hot/emitter,同时设置当前hash
        if (typeof self !== 'undefined' && self.window) {
          // broadcast update to window
          self.postMessage(`webpackHotUpdate${currentHash}`, '*');
        } 
      } else {
        //假如不是Hotupdate那末我们直接reload我们的window就能够了
        let rootWindow = self;
        // use parent window for reload (in case we're in an iframe with no valid src)
        const intervalId = self.setInterval(() => {
          if (rootWindow.location.protocol !== 'about:') {
            // reload immediately if protocol is valid
            applyReload(rootWindow, intervalId);
          } else {
            rootWindow = rootWindow.parent;
            if (rootWindow.parent === rootWindow) {
              // if parent equals current window we've reached the root which would continue forever, so trigger a reload anyways
              applyReload(rootWindow, intervalId);
            }
          }
        });
    }
    function applyReload(rootWindow, intervalId) {
      clearInterval(intervalId);
      log.info('[WDS] App updated. Reloading...');
      rootWindow.location.reload();
    }

    依据以上代码 能够看出:当客户端接收到服务器端发送的ok和warning信息的时刻,同时支撑HMR的情况下就会请求搜检更新,同时还收到服务器端本次编译的hash值。我们再看一下服务端是在什么机遇发送’ok’和’warning’音讯。

  • webpack-dev-server服务端源码的症结部份

    class Server {
      ...
      _sendStats(sockets, stats, force) {
        if (
          !force &&
          stats &&
          (!stats.errors || stats.errors.length === 0) &&
          stats.assets &&
          //每个asset都是没有emitted属性,示意没有发生变化。假如发生变化那末这个assets一定有emitted属性
          stats.assets.every((asset) => !asset.emitted)
        ) {
          
          return this.sockWrite(sockets, 'still-ok');
        }
        //设置hash
        this.sockWrite(sockets, 'hash', stats.hash);
    
        if (stats.errors.length > 0) {
          this.sockWrite(sockets, 'errors', stats.errors);
        } else if (stats.warnings.length > 0) {
          this.sockWrite(sockets, 'warnings', stats.warnings);
        } else {
          this.sockWrite(sockets, 'ok');
        }
      }
      ...
    }

    上面的代码是发送‘ok’和‘warning’音讯的要领,那详细在什么机遇挪用此要领呢?

    class Server {
      constructor(compiler, options = {}, _log) {
        ...
        const addHooks = (compiler) => {
          const { compile, invalid, done } = compiler.hooks;
    
          compile.tap('webpack-dev-server', invalidPlugin);
          invalid.tap('webpack-dev-server', invalidPlugin);
          done.tap('webpack-dev-server', (stats) => {
            this._sendStats(this.sockets, stats.toJson(STATS));
            this._stats = stats;
          });
        };
    
        if (compiler.compilers) {
          compiler.compilers.forEach(addHooks);
        } else {
          addHooks(compiler);
        }
        ...
      }
    ...
    }

    再看这部份代码,就能够明白了,每次在compiler的’done’钩子函数(生命周期)被挪用的时刻就会经由历程socket向客户端发送音讯,请求客户端去搜检模块更新完成HMR事情。

总结:近来正处于换事情阶段,有些空闲时候,恰好拔草,之前事情的历程就很想看一下webpack-dev-server 的完成道理,趁此机会大略进修了一下它的源码,有什么不对的处所还望指教,互相进修,加深明白。

    原文作者:海丽安娜
    原文地址: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000018590369
    本文转自网络文章,转载此文章仅为分享知识,如有侵权,请联系博主进行删除。
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