诸位, 不好意思哈, 请允许我把完整的标题写完(标题不能超过64个有效字符):
记一次解决树莓派下载Django库 ——报错为TypeError: unsupported operand types for -=: ‘Retry’ and ‘int’的问题(可能该问题Linux系统普遍存在)
进日, 玩起了树莓派3B+, 对我这种新手来说, 不搭服务器怎么可以, So, 选择Python的Django库, 尝试各种方法, 失败N次
报错为:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo pip install django
Collecting django
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 353, in run
wb.build(autobuilding=True)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 749, in build
self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepa re_files
ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 554, in _prep are_file
require_hashes
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 278, in p opulate_link
self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requir ement
all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 423, in find_all_ca ndidates
for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 568, in _get_pages
page = self._get_page(location)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 683, in _get_page
return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 792, in get_page
"Cache-Control": "max-age=600",
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 501, in get
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 386, in request
return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 488, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 630, in send
history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 190, in resolve_redirects
**adapter_kwargs
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 609, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachec ontrol/adapter.py", line 47, in send
resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/a dapters.py", line 423, in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/con nectionpool.py", line 643, in urlopen
_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/uti l/retry.py", line 315, in increment
total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: 'Retry' and 'int'
当然尝试pip3亦是如此
解决过程
- First
菜鸟给的安装方法很直接的安装方法, 失败
- Second
老方法从Python Extension Packages 下载whl 文件, 要么直接通过树莓派的网络下载, 要么通过你的电脑下载, 通过U盘拷贝到树莓派, 再安装, 当然未果, 而且报错略有不同
pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 353, in run
wb.build(autobuilding=True)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 749, in build
self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepa re_files
ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 554, in _prep are_file
require_hashes
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 278, in p opulate_link
self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requir ement
all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 423, in find_all_ca ndidates
for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 568, in _get_pages
page = self._get_page(location)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 683, in _get_page
return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 792, in get_page
"Cache-Control": "max-age=600",
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 501, in get
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 386, in request
return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 488, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 630, in send
history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 190, in resolve_redirects
**adapter_kwargs
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s essions.py", line 609, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachec ontrol/adapter.py", line 47, in send
resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/a dapters.py", line 423, in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/con nectionpool.py", line 643, in urlopen
_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/uti l/retry.py", line 315, in increment
total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: 'Retry' and 'int'
- Third
使用 sudo apt-get install python-pip
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get install python3-pip
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
正在读取状态信息... 完成
python3-pip 已经是最新版 (9.0.1-2+rpt2)。
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 98 个软件包未被升 级。
没报错, 但依然无法安装
- fourth
使用 sudo python -m pip install –upgrade –force pip
再次sudo pip安装,无果
- last
感谢大神的分享
我才发觉这是一个新手的通用问题:
树莓派自带的Linux系统附带了一个来自前寒武纪的pip版本，
如果您不想花费数小时来调试与pip相关的问题，
那么就必须升级它。
甚至是Ubuntu系统亦是如此
使用如下代码:
apt-get remove python-pip python3-pip
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py可能有小问题, 别忘了sudo
pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ python get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x758bc4b0>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] \xe5\x9f\x9f\xe5\x90\x8d\xe8\xa7\xa3\xe6\x9e\x90\xe6\x9a\x82\xe 6\x97\xb6\xe5\xa4\xb1\xe8\xb4\xa5',)': /simple/pip/
Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x758bcf10>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] \xe5\x9f\x9f\xe5\x90\x8d\xe8\xa7\xa3\xe6\x9e\x90\xe6\x9a\x82\xe6\x97\xb6\xe5\xa4\xb1\xe8\xb4\xa5',)': /simple/pip/
Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x758bced0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] \xe5\x9f\x9f\xe5\x90\x8d\xe8\xa7\xa3\xe6\x9e\x90\xe6\x9a\x82\xe6\x97\xb6\xe5\xa4\xb1\xe8\xb4\xa5',)': /simple/pip/
Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x758bc570>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] \xe5\x9f\x9f\xe5\x90\x8d\xe8\xa7\xa3\xe6\x9e\x90\xe6\x9a\x82\xe6\x97\xb6\xe5\xa4\xb1\xe8\xb4\xa5',)': /simple/pip/
Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x758bc030>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] \xe5\x9f\x9f\xe5\x90\x8d\xe8\xa7\xa3\xe6\x9e\x90\xe6\x9a\x82\xe6\x97\xb6\xe5\xa4\xb1\xe8\xb4\xa5',)': /simple/pip/
Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pip/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 336kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] 权限不够: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ sudo python get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5f/25/e52d3f31441505a5f3af41213346e5b6c221c9e086a166f3703d2ddaf940/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 19kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-18.0
最后再通过之前的whl文件安装Django, 就OK了, 当然 sudo pip install django 亦可
pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ sudo pip3 install Django-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Processing ./Django-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pytz (from Django==2.1.2)
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x757b5610>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败',)': /simple/pytz/
Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x757b5510>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败',)': /simple/pytz/
Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x757b5af0>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败',)': /simple/pytz/
Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x757b59b0>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败',)': /simple/pytz/
Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection .VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x75764550>: Failed to establish a new connec tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败',)': /packages/30/4e/27c34b62430286c6d59177a08 42ed90dc789ce5d1ed740887653b898779a/pytz-2018.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/4e/27c34b62430286c6d591 77a0842ed90dc789ce5d1ed740887653b898779a/pytz-2018.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510kB )
100% |████████████████████████████████| 512kB 33kB/s
Installing collected packages: pytz, Django
Successfully installed Django-2.1.2 pytz-2018.5
大功告成！如果之后我在搭建服务器时遇到问题, 我依旧会分享, 同志们晚安！
