from selenium import webdriver from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains import time import json import os LG_URL_Login = "https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html" cookies_path = "./cookies.json" class MyException(Exception): def __init__(self, status, msg): self.status = status self.msg = msg class LaGou: def __init__(self): self.login_status = False self.browser = None self.__init_browser() def __init_browser(self): '''初始化浏览器配置''' options = Options() options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation']) options.add_experimental_option("prefs", {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images": 2}) self.browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options) self.browser.maximize_window() self.browser.implicitly_wait(3) self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 10) self.ac = ActionChains(self.browser) self.browser.get(LG_URL_Login) def __choose_login_mode(self): '''通过用户名,密码去登陆''' # 虽然默认是用户名密码登陆去,确保无误,还是自己点击一下 self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//*[@data-lg-tj-id='1Us0']"))) self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@data-lg-tj-id='1Us0']").click() def __input_user_pwd(self, username, password): self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//input[@placeholder="请输入密码"]'))) self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//input[@placeholder="请输入常用手机号/邮箱"]'))) if not username: username = input("请输入常用手机号/邮箱>>:").strip() if not password: password = input("请输入密码>>:").strip() phone_ele = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@placeholder="请输入常用手机号/邮箱"]') pwd_ele = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@placeholder="请输入密码"]') # 输入账号 phone_ele.clear() phone_ele.send_keys(username) # 输入密码 pwd_ele.clear() pwd_ele.send_keys(password) def __chick_submit(self): self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//*[@data-lg-tj-id='1j90']"))) self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@data-lg-tj-id='1j90']").click() def __judge_login_successful(self): '''判断是否登陆成功''' # 判断class属性 user_dropdown try: self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@class='user_dropdown']") return True except NoSuchElementException: return False def __pull_down_page(self): '''首先拉钩它是没有懒加载的,所以我们只需要下拉一次就好了,所以while循环可以注释掉''' height = self.browser.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;") js = "window.scrollTo(0, {});".format(height) self.browser.execute_script(js) return self.browser.page_source # while True: # now_height = self.browser.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;") # if height == now_height: # return self.browser.page_source # js = "window.scrollTo({}, {});".format(height, now_height) # self.browser.execute_script(js) # height = now_height def __judge_ele_exist_by_xpath(self, xpath): '''通过xpath,判断是否存在这个元素''' try: self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath) return True except NoSuchElementException: return False def __click_next_page(self): '''点击下一页''' self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//span[@class='pager_next ']"))) self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//span[@class='pager_next ']").click() def __search_job(self, job_name): '''输入查询的job信息''' # 首先在搜索职位之前呢,会弹回一个框框,默认选择全国站, # 之所以会有这个框框,那是因为你不是在登陆状态下访问这个url,如果是登陆的,那么不会出现 try: self.browser.find_element_by_link_text("全国站").click() except NoSuchElementException: pass # 搜索职位 try: # self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//*[@id='search_input']"))) search_ele = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='search_input']") except NoSuchElementException: search_ele = self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='keyword']") search_ele.click() search_ele.clear() search_ele.send_keys(job_name, Keys.ENTER) def __del__(self): # 10秒之后,关闭一些资源 self.browser.close() def login(self, username: str = None, password: str = None, load_cookies: bool = True): if load_cookies and os.path.exists(cookies_path): # 使用保存再文件中的cookies去访问页面 with open(cookies_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f: cookies = json.loads(f.read()) # 将cookies添加进去 for cookie in cookies: self.browser.add_cookie(cookie) # 访问登陆页面,如果是登陆页面表示cookie失效了,cookies没有的失效的情况就是重定向到首页 self.browser.get(LG_URL_Login) if self.__judge_login_successful(): print("登陆成功....") return True else: print("cookies已经失效....") # 删除刚刚添加的cookies self.browser.delete_all_cookies() self.browser.refresh() self.__choose_login_mode() self.__input_user_pwd(username, password) self.__chick_submit() # 判断是否有极验验证码 # 如果你多试几次,你会发现某次登陆不需要滑动验证码,所以说我们就利用这个,虽然并没有完全解决破解,但是目的最终还是达到了 while True: time.sleep(1) if self.__judge_ele_exist_by_xpath("//div[@class='geetest_panel_box geetest_panelshowslide']"): self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@class='geetest_close']").click() time.sleep(1) self.browser.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@data-lg-tj-id='1j90']").click() continue else: break if self.__judge_login_successful(): self.login_status = True # 登陆成功,将cookies保存起来 with open("./cookies.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f: f.write(json.dumps(self.browser.get_cookies())) print("登陆成功") return True else: print("登陆失败,请检查你的用户名或密码") return False def get_job_info(self, job_name: str = None, is_filter: bool = False): '''用于获取到查询的job''' if not self.login_status: self.browser.get("https://www.lagou.com/") if not job_name: job_name = input("请输入查询job的名称>>:").strip() self.__search_job(job_name) if is_filter: # 过滤这个功能不忙实现 pass # 这里开始就是进行翻页操作了,以及对数据的处理 page = 1 while True: print("爬取工作职位为>>{} 第{}页数据".format(job_name, page)) # 获取到完毕的页面源码,然后进行提取信息的操作 page_source = self.__pull_down_page() print(page_source) # 信息提取完毕,进行翻页操纵 if not self.__judge_ele_exist_by_xpath("//span[@class='pager_next ']"): print("{} 工作职位爬取完毕...".format(job_name)) break self.__click_next_page() time.sleep(2) # 点击完毕下一页,可能遇到一些反扒措施 if self.browser.current_url == "https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html": self.login() page += 1 if __name__ == '__main__': lagou = LaGou() username = "" password = "" lagou.login()
保存的cookies只能适用于本次浏览器访问,你关闭浏览器后,再使用cookies登陆,会显示失效。
但我手动登陆拉钩,关闭浏览器。再次访问还是能够访问到我自己的信息。cookies是没有失效的,那估计就是我设置cookies那里有问题吧。