python写的系统常用命令，linux和windows通用，用的时候直接from util import *导入即可使用，很方便，本来是一个脚本，但是博文有字数限制，只能分成两部分发了，第二部分连接：http://wangwei007.blog.51cto.com/68019/960000 。
- #!/usr/bin/python
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- # 通用功能类封装
- import os,time,sys,string,urllib,httplib,shutil,platform,tarfile
- from commands import getstatusoutput as getso
- from ConfigParser import *
- def wr_log(str_cmd, status=0, result=""):
- cur_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
- if status == 0:
- fp = open("../log/log.txt",'a+')
- fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tdone!\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd))
- fp.close()
- else:
- fp = open("../log/err_log.txt",'a+')
- fp.write("[%s]\t%s\tfailed!\n%s\n\n" % (cur_time, str_cmd, result))
- fp.close()
- sys.exit(-1)
- def wget(url, new_name=""):
- '''''
- wget封装，需提供下载地址，新文件名参数可省略。
- 例子：
- wget("http://208.asktao.com/test.txt", "/tmp/test.txt")
- '''
- try:
- file_name = url[url.rfind("/")+1:]
- if new_name == "":
- new_name = file_name
- fp = urllib.urlopen(url)
- py_ver = sys.version[:3]
- if py_ver == "2.4":
- domain = url.split("/")[2]
- get_file = "/" + "/".join(url.split("/")[3:])
- conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(domain)
- conn.request('GET', get_file)
- fp_code = conn.getresponse().status
- else:
- fp_code = fp.getcode()
- if fp_code != 200:
- raise NameError, '%s not exist.'%file_name
- buf_len = 2048
- f = open(new_name, 'wb')
- size = 0
- while 1:
- s = fp.read(buf_len)
- if not s:
- break
- f.write(s)
- size += len(s)
- fp.close()
- f.close()
- wr_log("wget %s"%url)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("wget %s"%url, 1, e)
- def sed(type, file_name, s_str="", d_str=""):
- '''''
- sed封装，根据传入的type参数执行相应操作，type可以为以下几种：
- a 在s_str行后面追加d_str，若s_str为空，则默认在文件尾部追加；
- i 在s_str行前面插入d_str，若s_str为空，则默认在文件头部插入；
- d 删除s_str所在行；
- s 将s_str替换为d_str。
- type及file_name为必需的参数。
- 例子：
- 替换字符串：sed("s", "/etc/test.txt", "abc", "123")
- '''
- try:
- fp = open(file_name)
- cont = fp.read()
- fp.close()
- content = cont.split("\n")
- content2 = cont.split("\n")
- cnt = 0
- idx = 0
- if type == "a":
- str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/a %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- if not s_str:
- content.append(d_str)
- else:
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- x = idx + 1 + cnt
- content.insert(x, d_str)
- cnt += 1
- idx += 1
- elif type == "i":
- str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/i %s' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- if not s_str:
- content.insert(0, d_str)
- else:
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- x = idx + cnt
- content.insert(x, d_str)
- cnt += 1
- idx += 1
- elif type == "d":
- str_cmd = "sed -i '/%s/d' %s" % (s_str, file_name)
- for i in content2:
- if i.find(s_str) != -1:
- idx = content.remove(i)
- elif type == "s":
- str_cmd = "sed -i 's/%s/%s/g' %s" % (s_str, d_str, file_name)
- cont = string.replace(cont, s_str, d_str)
- content = cont.split("\n")
- fp = open(file_name, "w")
- fp.write("\n".join(content))
- fp.close()
- wr_log(str_cmd)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("modify %s" % file_name, 1, e)
- def md(dir_name):
- '''''
- mkdir封装，创建传入的目录名称。
- '''
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
- os.makedirs(dir_name)
- wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name)
- else:
- wr_log("%s is exist."%dir_name)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("mkdir %s"%dir_name, 1, e)
- def mv(src, dst):
- '''''
- mv封装，移动文件或修改文件名。
- '''
- try:
- try:
- os.rename(src, dst)
- except OSError:
- if os.path.dirname(src) == dst or os.path.dirname(src) == os.path.dirname(dst):
- raise Exception, "Cannot move self."
- if os.path.isdir(src):
- if os.path.abspath(dst).startswith(os.path.abspath(src)):
- raise Exception, "Cannot move a directory to itself."
- _copy(src, dst)
- shutil.rmtree(src)
- else:
- shutil.copy2(src,dst)
- os.unlink(src)
- wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst))
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("mv %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
- def cp(src, dst):
- '''''
- cp封装，复制文件或目录。
- '''
- try:
- _copy(src, dst)
- wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst))
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("cp %s %s"%(src, dst), 1, e)
- def _copy(src, dst):
- '''''
- copy封装，供cp调用。
- '''
- if os.path.isdir(src):
- base = os.path.basename(src)
- if os.path.exists(dst):
- dst = os.path.join(dst, base)
- if not os.path.exists(dst):
- os.makedirs(dst)
- names = os.listdir(src)
- for name in names:
- srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
- _copy(srcname, dst)
- else:
- shutil.copy2(src, dst)
- def touch(src):
- '''''
- linux适用
- touch封装，新建空白文件。
- '''
- str_cmd = "/bin/touch %s" % src
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def rm(src):
- '''''
- rm封装，删除文件或目录，非交互式操作，请谨慎操作。
- '''
- try:
- if os.path.exists(src):
- if os.path.isfile(src):
- os.remove(src)
- elif os.path.isdir(src):
- shutil.rmtree(src)
- wr_log("rm %s" % src)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("rm %s" % src, 1, e)
- def chmod(num, file_name):
- '''''
- linux适用
- chmod封装，修改文件权限。
- 需要传入一个八进制数以及文件名。
- 例子：
- chmod(644, "/tmp/test.txt")
- '''
- str_cmd = "/bin/chmod %s %s" % (num, file_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def chown(user, file_name, arg=""):
- '''''
- linux适用
- chown封装，修改文件属主属组。
- 例子：
- chown("nobody.nobody", "/tmp", "r")
- '''
- if arg == "r":
- str_cmd = "/bin/chown -R %s %s" % (user, file_name)
- else:
- str_cmd = "/bin/chown %s %s" % (user, file_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def rar(dst,src):
- '''''
- windows适用
- winrar 压缩文件 如： rar(c:\dat.rar c:\dat)
- '''
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(src) or not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(dst)):
- raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, os.path.dirname(dst))
- os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar a %s %s' % (dst,src))
- wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst))
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("rar %s to %s" % (src, dst), 1, e)
- def unrar(src,dst):
- '''''
- windows适用
- unrar 解压缩rar文件 到目标路径 如：unrar(c:\dat.rar c:\)
- '''
- try:
- if not os.path.exists(dst) or not os.path.exists(src):
- raise Exception, "%s or %s not exist!" % (src, dst)
- os.system(r'C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\rar x %s %s' % (src, dst))
- wr_log("unrar %s" % src)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("unrar %s" % src, 1, e)
- def tar(dst, src):
- '''''
- linux适用
- tar封装，压缩文件。
- 例子：
- tar("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp/test.txt")
- '''
- str_cmd = "/bin/tar zcf %s %s" % (dst, src)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def untgz(tgz_file, dst="./"):
- '''''
- tar封装，解压缩文件。
- 例子：
- untgz("/tmp/test.tgz", "/tmp")
- '''
- try:
- tarobj = tarfile.open(tgz_file)
- names = tarobj.getnames()
- for name in names:
- tarobj.extract(name,path=dst)
- tarobj.close()
- wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("untgz %s" % tgz_file, 1, e)
- def kill(arg):
- '''''
- linux中，查找进程并杀死返回的pid。
- windows中，查找进程或端口并杀死返回的pid。
- '''
- pid = get_pid(arg)
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- if pid:
- str_cmd = "/bin/kill -9 %s" % pid
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- if pid:
- try:
- import ctypes
- for i in pid:
- handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(1, False, i)
- ctypes.windll.kernel32.TerminateProcess(handle,0)
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg)
- except Exception, e:
- wr_log("kill %s" % arg, 1, e)
- def get_pid(arg):
- '''''
- linux中，查找进程并返回pid。
- windows中，查找进程或端口返回pid。
- '''
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/bin/ps auxww | grep '%s' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'" % arg
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- return result
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- if type(arg) == int:
- str_cmd = "netstat -ano|find \"%s\""%arg
- try:
- result = os.popen(str_cmd,"r").read()
- result = result.split("\n")[0].strip()
- if result.find("WAIT") != -1:
- return 0
- pid = int(result[result.rfind(" "):].strip())
- return [pid]
- except Exception, e:
- return 0
- else:
- import win32con,win32api,win32process
- pids = []
- for pid in win32process.EnumProcesses():
- try:
- hProcess = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, False, pid)
- hProcessFirstModule = win32process.EnumProcessModules(hProcess)[0]
- processName = os.path.splitext(os.path.split(win32process.GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, hProcessFirstModule))[1])[0]
- if processName == arg:
- pids.append(pid)
- except Exception, e:
- pass
- return pids
- def grpadd(grp_name):
- '''''
- linux适用
- groupadd封装，增加组。
- '''
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/groupadd %s" % grp_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- def useradd(user_name, arg=""):
- '''''
- useradd封装，添加新用户；
- linux和windows系统分别使用不同方法；
- 在linux中，arg填写新用户的gid；
- windows中，arg填写新用户的密码。
- '''
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- if status == 0:
- return
- if not arg:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd %s" % user_name
- else:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/useradd -g %s %s" % (arg, user_name)
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- try:
- import win32netcon,win32net,wmi
- for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
- if use.name == user_name:
- raise Exception, "user %s is already exists" % user_name
- udata = {}
- udata["name"] = user_name
- udata["password"] = arg
- udata["flags"] = win32netcon.UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT | win32netcon.UF_SCRIPT
- udata["priv"] = win32netcon.USER_PRIV_USER
- win32net.NetUserAdd(None, 1, udata)
- wr_log("add user %s" % user_name)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("add user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
- def userdel(user_name):
- '''''
- userdel封装，删除用户。
- '''
- os_type = platform.system()
- if os_type == "Linux":
- str_cmd = "/usr/bin/id %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- if status == 0:
- str_cmd = "/usr/sbin/userdel -r %s" % user_name
- status, result = getso(str_cmd)
- wr_log(str_cmd, status, result)
- elif os_type == "Windows":
- try:
- import win32net,wmi
- for use in wmi.WMI().Win32_UserAccount():
- if use.name == user_name:
- win32net.NetUserDel(None,user_name)
- wr_log("del user %s" % user_name)
- return
- wr_log("user %s not exists" % user_name)
- except Exception,e:
- wr_log("del user %s" % user_name, 1, e)
