JSonConverter没有在C#WebAPI中为我的模型的属性触发

我的WebAPI应用程序中有一个模型,用.NET 4.0编写,具有System.Net.Mime.ContentType类型的属性,如下所示:

[Serializable]
public class FileData
{
    private ContentType contentType;
    private long size;
    private string name;

    public ContentType ContentType
    {
        get { return  contentType; }
        set { contentType = value; } 
    }

    ...

    /* same getter/setter logic for the other fields  */
}

该模型位于与我的Web项目不同的程序集中.

所以,客户端发给我一个JSON消息,我需要转换为这个类:

{
    "size": 12345,
    "contentType": "image/png",
    "name": "avatar.png"
}

为了告诉Json.NET如何转换ContentType,我已经注册了一个我为此目的编写的自定义JsonConverter:

JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.Converters.Add(new ContentTypeJsonConverter());

在上面的代码中,我指的是WebApi应用程序的全局JsonFormatter对象.

因此,当客户端向我发送JSON时,我希望控制器能够正确地解析消息.

不幸的是,它失败并出现错误:

“Could not cast or convert from System.String to System.Net.Mime.ContentType.”

我知道我可以通过将以下代码添加到我的FileData类来解决这个问题:

public class FileData
{
    ...

    [JsonConverter(typeof(ContentTypeJsonConverter))]
    public ContentType ContentType { /* Getter and Setter */ }
}

但问题是我不能在FileData类型所在的程序集中向JSON.NET引入依赖项.

有没有办法在不改变FileData类的情况下触发contentType成员的正确反序列化?

除了以上我还尝试了Brian Rogers建议:

JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CustomResolver();

使用以下CustomResolver实现:

class CustomResolver : DefaultContractResolver
{
    protected override JsonContract CreateContract(Type objectType)
    {
        var contract = base.CreateContract(objectType);
        if (objectType == typeof(ContentType))
        {
            contract.Converter = new ContentTypeJsonConverter();
        }
        return contract;
    }
}

结果仍然相同.

最佳答案 以下适用于我(Web API 2).

模型:

[Serializable]
public class FileData
{
    private ContentType contentType;

    public ContentType ContentType
    {
        get { return contentType; }
        set { contentType = value; }
    }
}

自定义JSON转换器:

public class ContentTypeJsonConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return objectType == typeof(ContentType);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        return new ContentType((string)reader.Value);
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        writer.WriteValue(((ContentType)value).ToString());
    }
}

转换器注册(WebApiConfig.cs):

public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
    ...
    config
        .Formatters
        .JsonFormatter
        .SerializerSettings
        .Converters
        .Add(new ContentTypeJsonConverter());
}

控制器:

public class TestController : ApiController
{
    public IHttpActionResult Post(FileData data)
    {
        return this.Ok(data);
    }
}

请求:

POST /api/test HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: localhost:48278
Content-Length: 36

{
    "contentType": "image/png"
}

响应:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Expires: -1
Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
X-SourceFiles: =?UTF-8?B?ZDpcd29ya1xUb0REXGFwaVx0ZXN0?=
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Mon, 25 Jul 2016 07:06:02 GMT
Content-Length: 27

{"contentType":"image/png"}
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