给出以下代码:
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class exception_base : public runtime_error {
public:
exception_base()
: runtime_error(string()) { }
};
class my_exception : public exception_base {
public:
};
int main() {
throw my_exception();
}
这在GNU / Linux和Windows上运行良好,并且在最新更新到版本10.11.4之前用于在OSX上正常工作.罚款我的意思是因为没有捕获异常,所以调用std :: terminate.
但是,在使用clang(LLVM 7.3.0)的OSX 10.11.4上,程序崩溃并出现分段错误.堆栈跟踪没有帮助:
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0000000100000ad1 in main () at test.cpp:17
17 throw my_exception();
(gdb) bt
#0 0x0000000100000ad1 in main () at test.cpp:17
(gdb)
valgrind对此也不怎么说:
==6500== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)
==6500== General Protection Fault
==6500== at 0x100000AD1: main (test.cpp:17)
我认为代码不会以任何方式违反标准.我在这里错过了什么吗?
请注意,即使我在throw周围添加了try-catch,代码仍会因SIGSEGV而崩溃.
最佳答案 如果查看反汇编,您将看到SSE movaps指令上发生了一般保护(GP)异常:
a.out`main: 0x100000ad0 : pushq %rbp 0x100000ad1 : movq %rsp, %rbp 0x100000ad4 : subq $0x20, %rsp 0x100000ad8 : movl $0x0, -0x4(%rbp) 0x100000adf : movl $0x10, %eax 0x100000ae4 : movl %eax, %edi 0x100000ae6 : callq 0x100000dea ; symbol stub for: __cxa_allocate_exception 0x100000aeb : movq %rax, %rdi 0x100000aee : xorps %xmm0, %xmm0 -> 0x100000af1 : movaps %xmm0, (%rax) 0x100000af4 : movq %rdi, -0x20(%rbp) 0x100000af8 : movq %rax, %rdi 0x100000afb : callq 0x100000b40 ; my_exception::my_exception ...
在调用my_exception :: my_exception()构造函数之前,使用movaps指令将__cxa_allocate_exception(size_t)返回的内存块清零.但是,此指针(在我的情况下为0x0000000100103498)不保证是16字节对齐.当movaps指令的源操作数或目标操作数是内存操作数时,操作数必须在16字节边界上对齐,否则将生成GP异常.
暂时解决问题的一种方法是在没有SSE指令的情况下编译(-mno-sse).它不是理想的解决方案,因为SSE指令可以提高性能.
我认为这与http://reviews.llvm.org/D18479有关:
07001 made changes to give a higher alignment for exception objects on the grounds that Itanium says _Unwind_Exception should be “double-word” aligned and the structure is normally declared with
__attribute__((aligned))
guaranteeing 16-byte alignment. It turns out that libc++abi doesn’t declare the structure with__attribute__((aligned))
and therefore only guarantees 8-byte alignment on 32-bit and 64-bit platforms. This caused a crash in some cases when the backend emitted SIMD store instructions that requires 16-byte alignment (such asmovaps
).This patch makes ItaniumCXXABI::getAlignmentOfExnObject return an 8-byte alignment on Darwin to fix the crash.
..哪个补丁在2016年3月31日作为r264998提交.
还有https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=24604和https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=27208似乎相关.
更新我安装了Xcode 7.3.1(昨天发布),问题似乎已得到解决;生成的程序集现在是:
a.out`main: 0x100000ac0 : pushq %rbp 0x100000ac1 : movq %rsp, %rbp 0x100000ac4 : subq $0x20, %rsp 0x100000ac8 : movl $0x0, -0x4(%rbp) 0x100000acf : movl $0x10, %eax 0x100000ad4 : movl %eax, %edi 0x100000ad6 : callq 0x100000dea ; symbol stub for: __cxa_allocate_exception 0x100000adb : movq %rax, %rdi 0x100000ade : movq $0x0, 0x8(%rax) 0x100000ae6 : movq $0x0, (%rax) 0x100000aed : movq %rdi, -0x20(%rbp) 0x100000af1 : movq %rax, %rdi 0x100000af4 : callq 0x100000b40 ; my_exception::my_exception ...