java – 使用volatile int的多线程中的兴趣案例

好.我编写了代码并获得了意想不到的结果,我不知道如何解释这个结果.有人可以帮我弄这个吗?

public class JMM {
static volatile Boolean ready = false;
static volatile int data = 0;

public static void main() {
    Log.d("JMM", "start");
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            data = 1;
            ready = true;
        }
    }).start();

    for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (!ready)
                    Log.d("JMM", "second thread data " + data);
            }
        }).start();
    }
}
}

我在Nexus 5上执行它(它有4个内核):

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    MM.main();
}

结果:

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 0

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 1

D/JMM: second thread data 1

我期待什么?默认情况下,int是原子类型(但之前我写过volatile)并且它没有缓存它的值.但是我看到不同的线程在同一时刻从一个字段读取不同的值.谁能向我解释一下?

最佳答案 考虑一下这行发生的事情:

Log.d("JMM", "second thread data " + data);

>读取数据
>将其转换为String并与“第二个线程数据”连接
>将两个参数传递给Log.d
>它最终打印出消息

在第一步之后会发生很多事情,并且很可能一个线程将从第一步开始,但在它之前进入第4步.例如:

Thread 1               | Thread 2
-----------------------+-----------------------
1. read "data"         |
2. concat string:      |
  "...data 0"          |
     <<< third thread updates data = 1 >>>
                       | 1. read "data"
                       | 2. concat string:
                       |   "... data 1"
                       | 3. invoke Log.d(...)
                       | 4. print message
                       |   with "... data 1"
3. invoke Log.d(...)   | 
4. print message       |
  with "data 0"        |
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