ruby-on-rails – Rails HABTM after_add回调在保存主对象之前触发

我有两个与对方有HABTM关系的ActiveRecord模型.

当我通过一个允许通过复选框添加区域的表单添加AccessUnit时,我得到一个异常,即AccessUnitUpdaterJob无法排队,因为传递的访问单元无法序列化(由于缺少标识符) .手动调用主对象上的save时,问题已解决,但当然这是一种解决方法,而不是正确的修复.

TLDR;似乎在保存主对象之前触发了after_add回调.我实际上不确定这是否是Rails或预期行为中的错误.我正在使用Rails 5.

我遇到的确切错误是:

ActiveJob::SerializationError in AccessUnitsController#create

Unable to serialize AccessUnit without an id. (Maybe you forgot to call save?)

这是一些代码,因此您可以看到问题的上下文:

class AccessUnit < ApplicationRecord
  has_and_belongs_to_many :zones, after_add: :schedule_access_unit_update_after_zone_added_or_removed, after_remove: :schedule_access_unit_update_after_zone_added_or_removed

  def schedule_access_unit_update_after_zone_added_or_removed(zone)
    # self.save adding this line solves it but isn't a proper solution
    puts "Access unit #{name} added or removed to zone #{zone.name}"

    # error is thrown on this line
    AccessUnitUpdaterJob.perform_later self
  end
end

class Zone < ApplicationRecord
  has_and_belongs_to_many :access_units
end

最佳答案 在我看来,这不是一个错误.每件事都按预期工作.在保存此图之前,您可以创建对象的复杂图形.在此创建阶段,您可以将对象添加到关联.这是你想要触发这个回调的时间点,因为它表示after_add而不是after_save.

例如:

@post.tags.build name: "ruby" # <= now you add the objects
@post.tags.build name: "rails" # <= now you add the objects
@post.save! # <= now it is to late, for this callback, you added already multiple objects

也许使用before_add回调它更有意义:

class Post
   has_many :tags, before_add: :check_state

   def check_state(_tag)
     if self.published?
        raise CantAddFurthorTags, "Can't add tags to a published Post"
     end
   end
end

@post = Post.new
@post.tags.build name: "ruby" 
@post.published = true
@post.tags.build name: "rails" # <= you wan't to fire the before_add callback now, to know that you can't add this new object 
@post.save! # <= and not here, where you can't determine which object caused the error

你可以在“The Rails 4 Way”一书中读到一些关于这些回调的内容.

在您的情况下,您必须重新考虑您的逻辑.也许你可以使用after_savecallback.
我的2美分:您考虑从回调切换到服务对象.
回调不是没有成本的.它们并不总是易于调试和测试.

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